Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Cell Host Microbe. 2019 Aug 14;26(2):252-264.e10. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2019.07.004. Epub 2019 Aug 6.
Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are metabolic disorders that are linked to microbiome alterations. However, their co-occurrence poses challenges in disentangling microbial features unique to each condition. We analyzed gut microbiomes of lean non-diabetic (n = 633), obese non-diabetic (n = 494), and obese individuals with T2D (n = 153) from German population and metabolic disease cohorts. Microbial taxonomic and functional profiles were analyzed along with medical histories, serum metabolomics, biometrics, and dietary data. Obesity was associated with alterations in microbiome composition, individual taxa, and functions with notable changes in Akkermansia, Faecalibacterium, Oscillibacter, and Alistipes, as well as in serum metabolites that correlated with gut microbial patterns. However, microbiome associations were modest for T2D, with nominal increases in Escherichia/Shigella. Medications, including antihypertensives and antidiabetics, along with dietary supplements including iron, were significantly associated with microbiome variation. These results differentiate microbial components of these interrelated metabolic diseases and identify dietary and medication exposures to consider in future studies.
肥胖症和 2 型糖尿病（T2D）是与微生物组改变相关的代谢性疾病。然而，它们的同时发生给区分每种疾病特有的微生物特征带来了挑战。我们分析了来自德国人群和代谢性疾病队列的瘦非糖尿病（n=633）、肥胖非糖尿病（n=494）和肥胖 T2D 个体（n=153）的肠道微生物组。分析了微生物分类和功能特征，以及病史、血清代谢组学、生物统计学和饮食数据。肥胖与微生物组组成、个体分类群和功能的改变相关，阿克曼菌、粪杆菌、真杆菌和阿里斯泰普斯菌的变化显著，与肠道微生物模式相关的血清代谢物也发生了变化。然而，T2D 的微生物组关联程度较小，大肠杆菌/志贺氏菌略有增加。药物，包括降压药和降糖药，以及膳食补充剂，包括铁，与微生物组变异有显著关联。这些结果区分了这些相互关联的代谢性疾病的微生物成分，并确定了在未来研究中需要考虑的饮食和药物暴露因素。
