Wang Zheng, Usyk Mykhaylo, Vázquez-Baeza Yoshiki, Chen Guo-Chong, Isasi Carmen R, Williams-Nguyen Jessica S, Hua Simin, McDonald Daniel, Thyagarajan Bharat, Daviglus Martha L, Cai Jianwen, North Kari E, Wang Tao, Knight Rob, Burk Robert D, Kaplan Robert C, Qi Qibin
Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
Departments of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.
Genome Biol. 2021 Dec 10;22(1):336. doi: 10.1186/s13059-021-02559-w.
Obesity and related comorbidities are major health concerns among many US immigrant populations. Emerging evidence suggests a potential involvement of the gut microbiome. Here, we evaluated gut microbiome features and their associations with immigration, dietary intake, and obesity in 2640 individuals from a population-based study of US Hispanics/Latinos.
The fecal shotgun metagenomics data indicate that greater US exposure is associated with reduced ɑ-diversity, reduced functions of fiber degradation, and alterations in individual taxa, potentially related to a westernized diet. However, a majority of gut bacterial genera show paradoxical associations, being reduced with US exposure and increased with fiber intake, but increased with obesity. The observed paradoxical associations are not explained by host characteristics or variation in bacterial species but might be related to potential microbial co-occurrence, as seen by positive correlations among Roseburia, Prevotella, Dorea, and Coprococcus. In the conditional analysis with mutual adjustment, including all genera associated with both obesity and US exposure in the same model, the positive associations of Roseburia and Prevotella with obesity did not persist, suggesting that their positive associations with obesity might be due to their co-occurrence and correlations with obesity-related taxa, such as Dorea and Coprococcus.
Among US Hispanics/Latinos, US exposure is associated with unfavorable gut microbiome profiles for obesity risk, potentially related to westernized diet during acculturation. Microbial co-occurrence could be an important factor to consider in future studies relating individual gut microbiome taxa to environmental factors and host health and disease.
肥胖及相关合并症是许多美国移民群体主要关注的健康问题。新出现的证据表明肠道微生物群可能参与其中。在此，我们在一项针对美国西班牙裔/拉丁裔人群的研究中，对2640名个体的肠道微生物群特征及其与移民、饮食摄入和肥胖的关联进行了评估。
粪便鸟枪法宏基因组学数据表明，在美国接触时间越长，α多样性降低、纤维降解功能减弱，以及个别分类群发生改变，这可能与西式饮食有关。然而，大多数肠道细菌属呈现出矛盾的关联，随着在美国接触时间的增加而减少，随着纤维摄入量的增加而增加，但随着肥胖程度的增加而增加。观察到的这种矛盾关联无法用宿主特征或细菌物种的变化来解释，可能与潜在的微生物共生有关，如罗斯氏菌属、普氏菌属、多雷亚菌属和粪球菌属之间的正相关关系所示。在相互调整的条件分析中，将与肥胖和美国接触都相关的所有属纳入同一模型，罗斯氏菌属和普氏菌属与肥胖的正相关关系不再持续，这表明它们与肥胖的正相关关系可能是由于它们与肥胖相关分类群（如多雷亚菌属和粪球菌属）的共生和相关性。
在美国西班牙裔/拉丁裔人群中，在美国的接触与肥胖风险方面不利的肠道微生物群特征相关，这可能与文化适应过程中的西式饮食有关。微生物共生可能是未来将个体肠道微生物分类群与环境因素以及宿主健康和疾病联系起来的研究中需要考虑的一个重要因素。
