Beckman Institute for Advanced Science & Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA.
National Institute on Aging, USA.
Neuroimage. 2019 Nov 15;202:116078. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116078. Epub 2019 Aug 7.
Although a large corpus of evidence has identified brain regions and networks involved in emotion-cognition interactions, it remains unclear how spatial and temporal dynamics of the mechanisms by which emotion interfaces with cognition are integrated. Capitalizing on multi-modal brain imaging approaches, we used simultaneous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and event-related potential (ERP) recordings, to investigate the link between spatial and temporal aspects of processing in an emotional oddball task, and in relation to personality measures reflecting basic affective responses and emotion control. First, fMRI captured expected dorso-ventral dissociations, with greater response to targets in regions of dorsal brain networks (e.g., dorsolateral prefrontal cortex) and to emotional distracters in regions of ventral networks (e.g., ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, vlPFC). Also, ERP responses to targets were associated with a prominent P300, and responses to distracters with the late positive potential (LPP). Second, providing evidence for spatio-temporal integration of brain signals, ERP-informed fMRI analyses showed a link between LPP amplitude at parietal electrodes and the fMRI signal in the vlPFC, to emotional distraction. Third, regarding the link to personality measures, increased emotional arousability and attentional impulsiveness was associated with greater LPP differences between negative distracters and targets and enhanced response to negative distracters in the amygdala, respectively. Furthermore, we identified opposing relations between responses to emotional distraction and individual scores for cognitive reappraisal and self-control impulsiveness in posterior vlPFC. This suggests a greater engagement of this region in participants with reduced tendencies to employ reappraisal as a coping strategy and those with reduced ability to control impulsive responses during emotional distraction. Together, supporting the feasibility of integrating multi-dimensional approaches to clarify neural mechanisms of emotion-cognition interactions, these results point to convergence and complementarity between measures that differentially capture spatio-temporal dynamics of brain activity, and their associations with measures of individual differences in affective responses and control.
尽管大量证据已经确定了参与情绪-认知相互作用的大脑区域和网络，但仍不清楚情绪与认知相互作用的机制的空间和时间动态是如何整合的。利用多模态脑成像方法，我们使用同时进行的功能磁共振成像（fMRI）和事件相关电位（ERP）记录，研究了情绪偏离任务中处理的空间和时间方面之间的联系，以及与反映基本情感反应和情绪控制的人格测量之间的联系。首先，fMRI 捕捉到了预期的背-腹分离，在大脑网络的背侧区域（例如背外侧前额叶皮层）对目标的反应更大，而在腹侧网络的区域（例如腹外侧前额叶皮层，vlPFC）对情绪干扰物的反应更大。此外，对目标的 ERP 反应与明显的 P300 相关，而对干扰物的反应与晚期正电位（LPP）相关。其次，为大脑信号的时空整合提供了证据，ERP 启发的 fMRI 分析显示，顶叶电极处的 LPP 幅度与 vlPFC 中的 fMRI 信号之间存在联系，与情绪干扰有关。第三，关于与人格测量的联系，增加的情绪唤醒度和注意力冲动性与负干扰物和目标之间的 LPP 差异更大，以及杏仁核中对负干扰物的反应增强有关。此外，我们在后部 vlPFC 中识别出了与情绪干扰反应相关的个体认知再评估和自我控制冲动性得分之间的相反关系。这表明，在那些不太倾向于将再评估作为应对策略的参与者以及在情绪干扰期间控制冲动反应能力较弱的参与者中，该区域的参与度更高。总之，这些结果支持了整合多维方法以阐明情绪-认知相互作用的神经机制的可行性，这些结果表明，在捕获大脑活动的时空动态方面存在差异的测量方法之间存在收敛和互补性，以及它们与情感反应和控制的个体差异测量之间的关联。
