Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
Retina. 2020 Jul;40(7):1215-1223. doi: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000002630.
To determine the prevalence and characteristics of abruptly emerging vessels (AEVs) within patchy atrophy (PA) in myopic eyes.
We studied 160 highly myopic eyes of 144 patients between March and November in 2016. Fundus photographs and swept-source optical coherence tomography images were analyzed.
Patient mean age was 67.1 ± 10.5 years. Mean axial length was 30.9 ± 2.0 mm. The mean size of the 264 PAs was 5.6 ± 8.3 mm. Abruptly emerging vessels were detected in 69 (43.1%) eyes and were located within or near PA edge in fundus photographs. Swept-source optical coherence tomography showed that the AEVs were continuous with perforating scleral vessels and were observed on the inner surface of the sclera at the site where they appeared in fundus photographs. A slight bowing of sclera around the AEVs was observed in 41 (59%) eyes. Patchy atrophy with AEVs was significantly larger (10.7 ± 11.3 mm) than PA without AEVs (3.4 ± 5.1 mm).
Abruptly emerging vessels are commonly found in eyes with myopic PA. The sclera surrounding the AEVs is slightly bowed. Further studies are needed to determine whether the penetrating site of AEVs is structurally more fragile and leads to Bruch membrane defects or AEVs are secondarily involved during PA progression.
确定近视眼中斑片状萎缩（PA）内突然出现血管（AEV）的发生率和特征。
我们研究了 2016 年 3 月至 11 月间的 144 名患者的 160 只高度近视眼。分析眼底照片和扫频源光学相干断层扫描（OCT）图像。
患者平均年龄为 67.1±10.5 岁，平均眼轴长度为 30.9±2.0mm。264 个 PA 的平均大小为 5.6±8.3mm。在 69 只（43.1%）眼中发现了突然出现的血管，这些血管在眼底照片中位于或靠近 PA 边缘。扫频源 OCT 显示 AEV 与穿透性巩膜血管连续，并在眼底照片中出现的部位观察到位于巩膜内表面。在 41 只（59%）眼中观察到 AEV 周围巩膜轻微弯曲。伴有 AEV 的 PA 明显大于无 AEV 的 PA（10.7±11.3mm 对 3.4±5.1mm）。
近视性 PA 眼常出现突然出现的血管。AEV 周围的巩膜略弯曲。需要进一步研究以确定 AEV 的穿透部位在结构上是否更脆弱，导致 Bruch 膜缺陷，还是 AEV 在 PA 进展过程中是继发的。
