Kayabaşı Mustafa, Saatci Ali Osman, Demirel Neslihan, Ayhan Ziya, Kaya Mahmut, Özbek Zeynep, Öztürk Taylan
Department of Ophthalmology, Muş State Hospital, Muş, Turkey.
, Yeni Mahalle, 1445 Sokak, FİBA Sitesi, No 1, Kat 10, Daire 102, İzmir, Turkey.
BMC Ophthalmol. 2025 Jun 3;25(1):335. doi: 10.1186/s12886-025-04167-9.
We aimed to investigate the structural characteristics of high myopia (HM) in a Turkish cohort using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) and evaluate the relationship between axial length (AL) and various retinal, choroidal, and scleral parameters.
A retrospective analysis of medical records and imaging data was conducted in HM patients examined at Dokuz Eylül University between January 2019 and January 2023. Eyes were categorized into three groups based on AL: Group 1 (26.00-27.49 mm), Group 2 (27.50-28.99 mm), and Group 3 (≥ 29.00 mm). Retinal, choroidal, and scleral parameters were quantitatively assessed, and posterior segment findings were analyzed across these groups.
A total of 146 eyes from 91 patients (mean age: 46.55 ± 17.05 years) were included. Central foveal thickness was significantly lower in Group 1 compared to Group 2 (p = 0.017). Moreover, Group 1 exhibited lower values for average macular thickness, average macular volume, and scleral sink, along with higher subfoveal choroidal thickness values compared to both Group 2 and Group 3 (p < 0.05 for all comparisons). The most common posterior segment findings were peripapillary atrophy (91.8%), tilted disc (47.3%), vitreomacular adhesion (39.0%), and posterior staphyloma (PS, 27.4%). Group 3 exhibited the most advanced stages of myopic maculopathy among the groups (p = 0.001). 'Plus' lesions, defined as the presence of macular neovascularization (MNV), Fuchs spots, or lacquer cracks, were detected in 14.4% of eyes. Pathologic myopia was diagnosed in 49.3% of eyes, including 47.2% based on myopic maculopathy stage and 0.7% each on the presence of PS, active MNV, or scarred MNV. Active MNV was more frequent in Group 3, while scarred MNV was predominant in Group 2.
Present findings highlight the progressive nature of structural changes associated with increasing AL in HM patients, emphasizing the importance of early detection and monitoring of posterior segment complications. This study provides valuable insights into the prevalence and distribution of myopia-related complications in a Turkish population, aiding in the clinical management of HM.
我们旨在使用频域光学相干断层扫描（OCT）研究土耳其队列中高度近视（HM）的结构特征，并评估眼轴长度（AL）与各种视网膜、脉络膜和巩膜参数之间的关系。
对2019年1月至2023年1月在多库兹艾吕尔大学接受检查的HM患者的病历和影像数据进行回顾性分析。根据AL将眼睛分为三组：第1组（26.00 - 27.49毫米），第2组（27.50 - 28.99毫米），第3组（≥29.00毫米）。对视网膜、脉络膜和巩膜参数进行定量评估，并分析这些组的眼后段检查结果。
共纳入91例患者的146只眼（平均年龄：46.55±17.05岁）。第1组的中心凹厚度显著低于第2组（p = 0.017）。此外，与第2组和第3组相比，第1组的平均黄斑厚度、平均黄斑体积和巩膜陷凹值较低，而黄斑下脉络膜厚度值较高（所有比较p < 0.05）。最常见的眼后段检查结果是视乳头周围萎缩（91.8%）、倾斜视盘（47.3%）、玻璃体黄斑粘连（39.0%）和后巩膜葡萄肿（PS，27.4%）。第3组在各组中表现出最严重的近视性黄斑病变阶段（p = 0.001）。在14.4%的眼中检测到“加”性病变，定义为存在黄斑新生血管（MNV）、Fuchs斑或漆裂纹。49.3%的眼被诊断为病理性近视，其中47.2%基于近视性黄斑病变阶段，0.7%基于PS、活动性MNV或瘢痕性MNV的存在。活动性MNV在第3组中更常见。
目前的研究结果突出了HM患者中与AL增加相关的结构变化的渐进性，强调了早期发现和监测眼后段并发症的重要性。本研究为土耳其人群中近视相关并发症的患病率和分布提供了有价值的见解，有助于HM的临床管理。
