School of Nursing, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2020 Aug 24;22(9):1468-1475. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntz138.
Outdoor smoking hotspots are convenient venues for promoting smoking cessation. This randomized controlled trial aimed to obtain proof-of-concept evidence of the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness on quit attempts of delivering a 1-week free nicotine replacement therapy sample (NRTS) to smokers.
This pilot parallel, single-blinded, two-group (1:1) randomized controlled trial proactively recruited adult smokers in outdoor smoking hotspots in Hong Kong. Smokers consuming at least 10 cigarettes per day and fit for NRT use were individually randomized to receive either a 1-week NRT gum/patch and brief advice lasting 10 minutes (NRTS, n = 50), or receive only brief advice (control, n = 50). The primary outcomes were any self-reported quit attempts (stop smoking for at least 24 hours) at 1- and 3-month telephone follow-up. Risk ratios from log-binomial regression models were used to assess the associations.
The NRTS increased quit attempts at 1-month (14% vs. 10%; adjusted risk ratio = 1.25, 95% CI = 0.43 to 3.61) and 3-month follow-up (26% vs. 12%; adjusted risk ratio = 2.17, 95% CI = 0.89 to 5.27), but the differences were not significant. Trial participation rate was about 81.3%. Around 54% of the intervention group participants used the NRT sample by the first month. The NRT users reported generally positive feedback about the usefulness of NRT sample for smoking cessation. Major factors of not using NRT included bad gum taste and their perception that NRT was not useful.
Delivering NRTS to smokers in outdoor smoking hotspots was feasible and efficacious in increasing NRT use. Additional post-recruitment support to sustain the use of NRT and cessation services is needed.
Our study supported that smokers at outdoor smoking hotspots can be approached for a brief smoking cessation intervention including an onsite delivery of NRTS. Delivering NRTS and a brief advice on using NRT to these smokers was feasible and efficacious to increase NRT use. A larger trial on the benefits on quit attempts and long-term abstinence is warranted.
户外吸烟点是促进戒烟的便利场所。这项随机对照试验旨在获得概念验证证据，证明向吸烟者提供为期一周的免费尼古丁替代疗法样本（NRTS）在戒烟尝试方面的可行性和初步效果。
这项先导性、平行、单盲、两组（1:1）随机对照试验主动招募了香港户外吸烟点的成年吸烟者。每天至少吸 10 支香烟且适合使用 NRT 的吸烟者被单独随机分配到接受为期一周的 NRT 口香糖/贴片和持续 10 分钟的简短建议（NRTS，n=50），或仅接受简短建议（对照组，n=50）。主要结果是在 1 个月和 3 个月的电话随访中报告的任何自我报告的戒烟尝试（停止吸烟至少 24 小时）。使用对数二项式回归模型评估风险比。
NRTS 增加了 1 个月时的戒烟尝试（14%比 10%；调整后的风险比=1.25，95%置信区间=0.43 至 3.61）和 3 个月时的戒烟尝试（26%比 12%；调整后的风险比=2.17，95%置信区间=0.89 至 5.27），但差异无统计学意义。试验参与率约为 81.3%。大约 54%的干预组参与者在第一个月内使用了 NRT 样本。NRT 用户对 NRT 样本对戒烟的有用性报告了普遍的积极反馈。不使用 NRT 的主要因素包括口香糖味道不好和他们认为 NRT 没有用。
在户外吸烟点向吸烟者提供 NRTS 是可行的，并且能够增加 NRT 的使用。需要额外的招募后支持来维持 NRT 的使用和戒烟服务。
我们的研究支持在户外吸烟点可以向吸烟者提供简短的戒烟干预措施，包括现场提供 NRTS。向这些吸烟者提供 NRTS 和关于使用 NRT 的简短建议是可行的，并且可以有效地增加 NRT 的使用。需要进行更大的试验来评估对戒烟尝试和长期戒烟的益处。
