Boise State University School of Nursing, Boise, Idaho.
The University of Utah College of Nursing, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Public Health Nurs. 2019 Nov;36(6):772-778. doi: 10.1111/phn.12651. Epub 2019 Aug 12.
To examine risk factors associated with falls among homebound community-dwelling older adults, a vulnerable population often possessing functional disabilities and chronic conditions.
The study was a cross-sectional study utilizing round 6 data of the National Health and Aging Trend Study (NHATS). Descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted. A total of 1,356 homebound community-dwelling older adults aged 65 and above participated in the NHATS.
The outcome variable was falls within the last month reported in NHATS. Independent variables were selected based on the NHATS disability conceptual model and literature review, including personal conditions, environmental conditions, and physical functioning limitations.
In the sample population, 21.2% reported falls. Males were more likely to experience a fall than females. Hypertension or depression/anxiety increased risk for falls. Older adults with hearing impairment or balance problems limiting activities were also more likely to fall.
Public health nurses need to conduct thorough fall risk assessment for homebound older adults, especially those with chronic health problems or functioning limitations. Studies are needed to examine the association between home environment and falls in homebound older adults.
研究与居家社区失能老年人跌倒相关的风险因素，该人群普遍存在功能障碍和慢性疾病，属于易跌倒的脆弱群体。
本研究采用了国家健康老龄化趋势研究（NHATS）第六轮的数据进行横断面研究。进行了描述性统计和多逻辑回归分析。共有 1356 名 65 岁及以上的居家社区失能老年人参与了 NHATS。
NHATS 报告的最近一个月内跌倒的情况为因变量。根据 NHATS 残疾概念模型和文献综述选择自变量，包括个人状况、环境状况和身体功能限制。
在样本人群中，21.2%的人报告有跌倒经历。男性比女性更有可能经历跌倒。高血压或抑郁/焦虑会增加跌倒的风险。有听力障碍或平衡问题限制活动的老年人也更有可能跌倒。
公共卫生护士需要对居家的失能老年人进行彻底的跌倒风险评估，尤其是那些有慢性健康问题或功能限制的老年人。需要研究居家环境与居家失能老年人跌倒之间的关系。
