Feinstein A R
Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510.
Arch Intern Med. 1988 Oct;148(10):2269-74. doi: 10.1001/archinte.148.10.2269.
A system of scientific classification should have a suitable basic axis of organization, standardized names, clearly specified operational criteria, and multiaxial arrangements for citing important attributes beyond those included in the basic axis. During the past century, the main nosologic system for identifying human ailments has been the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), which has a well-organized and well-accepted nomenclature, but which lacks operational criteria and an appropriate multiaxial pattern. Two new systems of classification during the past two decades are intended for other purposes and would not be satisfactory as nosologic substitutes. The Problem-Oriented Record (POR) does not have a standardized nomenclature or criteria; and the Diagnosis-Related Group (DRG) approach was organized mainly for fiscal goals. As the basic taxonomy used for classifying human ailments, the ICD needs substantial improvement to fulfill its scientific role in statistics for the occurrence and treatment of disease.
一个科学分类系统应该有合适的基本组织轴、标准化的名称、明确规定的操作标准，以及用于列举基本轴所包含内容之外的重要属性的多轴安排。在过去的一个世纪里，用于识别人类疾病的主要疾病分类系统是《国际疾病分类》（ICD），它有一个组织良好且被广泛接受的命名法，但缺乏操作标准和适当的多轴模式。在过去二十年中出现的两个新分类系统是用于其他目的的，作为疾病分类的替代并不令人满意。问题导向记录（POR）没有标准化的命名法或标准；而诊断相关分组（DRG）方法主要是为财政目标而组织的。作为用于对人类疾病进行分类的基本分类法，ICD需要进行实质性改进，以在疾病发生和治疗的统计中发挥其科学作用。
