Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Phys Occup Ther Pediatr. 2020;40(2):152-167. doi: 10.1080/01942638.2019.1646376. Epub 2019 Aug 13.
This preliminary study examined the effects of a participation-based friendship intervention for youth with physical and developmental disabilities on their goal attainment, social self-efficacy, and engagement in program sessions. Before and after the eight-session intervention, five youth with physical and developmental disabilities ages 15-20 (3 females) completed a measure of goal attainment scaling (GAS) and the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) for goals related to friendship, along with a measure of social self-efficacy. Engagement was assessed after every second session (i.e. four times). After the program, youth completed interviews to capture their perceptions of each of these variables. Quantitative data were analyzed descriptively, enriched with the qualitative data. Overall, youth achieved their GAS goals and demonstrated clinically significant change in mean COPM performance and satisfaction. Three youth displayed clinically significant change in social self-efficacy. Engagement in the program was high, with the majority of participants reporting slightly increasing levels of engagement over the sessions. The interviews substantiated these quantitative changes. There are few evidence-informed friendship interventions for youth with disabilities. This study provides initial evidence for the effectiveness of a participation-based friendship intervention incorporating coaching and focusing on real-world goals and contexts.
本初步研究考察了基于参与的友谊干预对身体和发育障碍青年在目标实现、社交自我效能感和参与项目课程方面的影响。在八次干预之前和之后，五名年龄在 15-20 岁的身体和发育障碍青年（3 名女性）完成了目标实现量表（GAS）和加拿大职业表现量表（COPM）的测量，用于评估与友谊相关的目标，以及社交自我效能感的测量。每次干预后（即四次）评估参与度。项目结束后，青年完成了访谈，以了解他们对这些变量的看法。定量数据进行了描述性分析，并结合定性数据进行了补充。总体而言，青年实现了他们的 GAS 目标，并在 COPM 表现和满意度方面表现出了临床显著的变化。三名青年的社交自我效能感显示出了临床显著的变化。对该项目的参与度很高，大多数参与者报告在课程期间略有增加参与度。访谈证实了这些定量变化。针对残疾青年的有证据支持的友谊干预措施很少。本研究为融合指导和关注现实世界目标和背景的基于参与的友谊干预的有效性提供了初步证据。
