Šťastná Anna, Kocourková Jiřina, Šídlo Luděk
Cas Lek Cesk. 2019 Summer;158(3-4):126-132.
The shift in fertility to higher ages over the last few decades represents one of the most distinctive features of reproductive behaviour in Czechia. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of the process of fertility postponement in the European context and assessment of the Czech situation. While the fertility postponement is a universal trend in developed countries, significant differences are evident between European countries in terms of both the commencement and speed of postponement concerning the mean age of mothers at first birth. The article also discusses the main factors that influence the fertility postponement. While at the beginning of the 1990s Czech first-time mothers were among the youngest in the worlds developed countries, during the 1990s Czech women experienced one of the most rapid increases in the mean age of first birth. Nevertheless, in the European context Czechia continues to have slightly younger first-time mothers (28.2 years in 2016, 0.8 years younger than the EU average). It also appears that currently no direct correlation is evident with concern to the mean age of mothers at first birth and the total fertility rate.
在过去几十年里，生育年龄向更高年龄段的转变是捷克共和国生殖行为最显著的特征之一。本文旨在概述欧洲背景下的生育推迟过程，并评估捷克的情况。虽然生育推迟是发达国家的普遍趋势，但在欧洲国家之间，就首次生育母亲的平均年龄而言，推迟的开始时间和速度存在显著差异。本文还讨论了影响生育推迟的主要因素。20世纪90年代初，捷克首次生育的母亲是世界发达国家中最年轻的群体之一，但在20世纪90年代，捷克女性的首次生育平均年龄经历了最快速的增长之一。然而，在欧洲范围内，捷克首次生育的母亲年龄仍然略小（2016年为28.2岁，比欧盟平均水平小0.8岁）。此外，目前看来，首次生育母亲的平均年龄与总和生育率之间没有明显的直接关联。
