Brady Steven P, Zamora-Camacho Francisco J, Eriksson Fredrik A A, Goedert Debora, Comas Mar, Calsbeek Ryan
Biology Department Southern Connecticut State University New Haven Connecticut.
Department of Biological Sciences Dartmouth College Hanover New Hampshire.
Evol Appl. 2019 Jan 18;12(7):1360-1370. doi: 10.1111/eva.12751. eCollection 2019 Aug.
Human-modified habitats rarely yield outcomes that are aligned with conservation ideals. Landscapes that are subdivided by roads are no exception, precipitating negative impacts on populations due to fragmentation, pollution, and road kill. Although many populations in human-modified habitats show evidence for local adaptation, rarely does environmental change yield outright benefits for populations of conservation interest. Contrary to expectations, we report surprising benefits experienced by amphibian populations breeding and dwelling in proximity to roads. We show that roadside populations of the wood frog, exhibit better locomotor performance and higher measures of traits related to fitness compared with frogs from less disturbed environments located further away from roads. These results contrast previous evidence for maladaptation in roadside populations of wood frogs studied elsewhere. Our results indicate that altered habitats might not be unequivocally detrimental and at times might contribute to metapopulation success. While the frequency of such beneficial outcomes remains unknown, their occurrence underscores the complexity of inferring consequences of environmental change.
人类改造的栖息地很少能产生符合保护理想的结果。被道路分割的景观也不例外，由于碎片化、污染和道路杀戮，对种群产生负面影响。尽管许多生活在人类改造栖息地的种群表现出局部适应的证据，但环境变化很少能给具有保护价值的种群带来直接益处。与预期相反，我们报告了在道路附近繁殖和栖息的两栖类种群所经历的惊人益处。我们发现，与远离道路、受干扰较少环境中的青蛙相比，路边的林蛙种群表现出更好的运动性能和与适应性相关的更高性状指标。这些结果与之前在其他地方研究的路边林蛙种群适应不良的证据形成对比。我们的结果表明，改变后的栖息地可能并非绝对有害，有时可能有助于集合种群的成功。虽然这种有益结果的频率尚不清楚，但它们的出现凸显了推断环境变化后果的复杂性。
