Senior Lecturer, Appleton Institute, CQUniversity, Australia.
National Resilience Adviser, Emergency Services, Australian Red Cross, Australia.
Disasters. 2019 Oct;43(4):799-817. doi: 10.1111/disa.12400. Epub 2019 Aug 16.
People experiencing homelessness are vulnerable to extreme weather in unique ways. The entrenched inequalities that underpin disaster vulnerability are compounded by extreme isolation and the stress of transient living on mental and physical health. However, the impacts of extreme weather on the homeless in Australia are largely undocumented and rarely incorporated in emergency planning. Interviews with and surveys of emergency and homeless services and service users revealed that the primary ramifications of losing shelter and worsening mental health deepen the cycle of homelessness and trauma. Consequently, homeless shelter losses, such as tents, should be included in pre- and post-event impact statistics and subsequent recovery support. Extreme weather response plans should include early triggers and strategies for 'non-severe' weather events, as the homeless community is affected earlier and by a wider range of meteorological conditions. Moreover, this study also explores the benefits of a trauma-informed response to extreme weather when working with the homeless.
无家可归者以独特的方式容易受到极端天气的影响。导致灾难脆弱性的根深蒂固的不平等现象因极度孤立和临时居住对身心健康造成的压力而加剧。然而,极端天气对澳大利亚无家可归者的影响在很大程度上没有记录在案,也很少纳入应急规划。对紧急服务和无家可归者服务以及服务使用者的访谈和调查显示,失去住所和心理健康状况恶化的主要后果加深了无家可归和创伤的循环。因此,应将无家可归者收容所的损失(如帐篷)纳入事件前后影响统计数据和后续恢复支持中。极端天气应对计划应包括早期触发因素和针对“非严重”天气事件的策略,因为无家可归者社区更早受到影响,并且受到更广泛的气象条件的影响。此外,本研究还探讨了在与无家可归者合作时,对极端天气采取创伤知情应对措施的好处。