Department of Kidney Development, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
Department of Kidney Development, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
Kidney Int. 2019 Nov;96(5):1077-1082. doi: 10.1016/j.kint.2019.04.044. Epub 2019 Jun 3.
The glomerular podocyte is one of the major targets of kidney research. Recent establishment of kidney organoids from pluripotent stem cells has enabled the detailed analysis of human podocytes in both development and disease. The podocytes in organoids express slit diaphragm-related genes and proteins and exhibit characteristic morphology, especially upon experimental transplantation. Organoid technology is now used to reproduce hereditary podocyte diseases, and selective podocyte induction methods have also been reported. Moreover, single-cell RNA-sequencing of human fetal and adult kidneys has revealed the detailed molecular features of this cell lineage, as well as serving as references for kidney organoids in which podocytes are still immature. Here, we discuss the recent progress and limitations of podocyte research from the viewpoint of developmental biology and kidney organoids.
肾小球足细胞是肾脏研究的主要靶点之一。最近，多能干细胞衍生的肾脏类器官的建立，使人们能够在发育和疾病中对人足细胞进行详细分析。类器官中的足细胞表达裂孔隔膜相关基因和蛋白，并表现出特征性的形态，尤其是在实验性移植后。类器官技术现在被用于复制遗传性足细胞疾病，并且已经报道了选择性足细胞诱导方法。此外，对人胎儿和成人肾脏的单细胞 RNA 测序揭示了该细胞谱系的详细分子特征，并且为足细胞仍不成熟的肾脏类器官提供了参考。在这里，我们从发育生物学和肾脏类器官的角度讨论足细胞研究的最新进展和局限性。
