Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas - UCPel, Rua Gonçalves Chaves 373, Sala 324, Pelotas, RS, 96010-280, Brazil.
Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil.
Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2021 Sep;271(6):1141-1148. doi: 10.1007/s00406-019-01051-8. Epub 2019 Aug 16.
Leptin is an anorexigenic hormone well recognized by its role in mediating energy homeostasis. Recently, leptin has been associated with psychiatric disorders and interestingly, leptin treatment has shown antidepressant and anxiolytic effects. We examined the association of leptin levels and leptin (LEP) gene rs3828942 polymorphism with anxiety disorders considering sex differences. A cross-sectional population-based study, including 1067 young adults, of whom 291 presented anxiety disorders diagnosed by the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI 5.0). The rs3828942 polymorphism was genotyped by real-time PCR and ELISA measured leptin levels. Leptin levels were not associated with anxiety disorders after adjusting for sex and body mass index (BMI) [ß = - 0.009 (- 0.090-0.072); p = 0.832]. The distribution of rs3828942 genotypes was not associated with anxiety disorders. However, in a sex-stratified sample, the A-allele of rs3828942 polymorphism was associated with risk for GAD in women even when adjusting for confounding variables [OR = 1.87 (1.17-2.98); p = 0.008]. In a subsample of 202 individuals with GAD and control matched by sex and BMI, results suggest an interaction between genotypes and GAD diagnosis based on leptin levels only in the male group [F (1, 54) = 6.464; p = 0.0139]. Leptin is suggested to be related with the neurobiology of anxiety disorders in a sex-dependent manner since women carrying the A-allele of LEP rs3828942 present a higher risk for GAD, while leptin levels seem to be lower in men with GAD carrying A-allele. Studies on the relationship between leptin polymorphisms and levels are scarce and, therefore, further research is necessary.
瘦素是一种厌食激素，其在调节能量平衡方面的作用已得到广泛认可。最近，瘦素与精神疾病有关，有趣的是，瘦素治疗显示出抗抑郁和抗焦虑作用。我们研究了瘦素水平和瘦素（LEP）基因 rs3828942 多态性与焦虑障碍的关联，并考虑了性别差异。这是一项基于人群的横断面研究，包括 1067 名年轻成年人，其中 291 人被诊断为迷你国际神经精神访谈 (MINI 5.0) 焦虑障碍。通过实时 PCR 对 rs3828942 多态性进行基因分型，ELISA 测量瘦素水平。在校正性别和体重指数（BMI）后，瘦素水平与焦虑障碍无关 [β= -0.009（-0.090-0.072）；p=0.832]。rs3828942 基因型的分布与焦虑障碍无关。然而，在性别分层样本中，即使在调整混杂变量后，rs3828942 多态性的 A 等位基因与女性广泛性焦虑症的风险相关 [OR=1.87（1.17-2.98）；p=0.008]。在性别和 BMI 匹配的 202 名 GAD 患者和对照组的亚样本中，结果表明，仅在男性组中，基因型与 GAD 诊断之间存在基于瘦素水平的相互作用 [F(1,54)=6.464；p=0.0139]。瘦素与焦虑障碍的神经生物学之间的关系具有性别依赖性，因为携带 LEP rs3828942 的 A 等位基因的女性患 GAD 的风险更高，而携带 A 等位基因的男性 GAD 患者的瘦素水平似乎较低。瘦素多态性和水平之间的关系研究很少，因此需要进一步研究。
