School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
Environ Int. 2019 Nov;132:105086. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105086. Epub 2019 Aug 14.
Emissions of formaldehyde from building materials and furniture can cause adverse health effects. Traditional models generally only consider emissions as a physical process that can be characterized by three key parameters: the initial emittable concentration, the diffusion coefficient and the partition coefficient. However, the physical-based model causes discrepancy in predicting long-term formaldehyde emissions for the cases where chemical reaction (i.e., hydrolysis) occurs over time. In this study, an improved mechanism-based model was developed by combining the chemical reaction process with a physical mass transfer process to more accurately predict the long-term emission behaviors. The chamber testing data of formaldehyde emissions from exposed edges and seams of a laminate flooring product made with composite wood core for about 1.5 year was used to validate the model. Results indicate that the mechanism-based model characterizes well the long-term formaldehyde emissions from the tested material. Predictions of different models further demonstrate the advantages of this improved model compared with the physical model or with empirical models. This study is the first attempt to check the feasibility of including the chemical reaction term in emission modeling and to quantitatively explore the importance of its contribution to long-term formaldehyde emissions, which includes most of the indoor emissions from materials and furniture.
建筑材料和家具中甲醛的排放会对健康造成不良影响。传统模型通常仅将排放视为一种物理过程，该过程可以用三个关键参数来描述：初始可排放浓度、扩散系数和分配系数。然而，基于物理的模型在预测长期甲醛排放时存在差异，因为随着时间的推移会发生化学反应（即水解）。在这项研究中，通过将化学反应过程与物理传质过程相结合，开发了一种改进的基于机制的模型，以更准确地预测长期排放行为。使用暴露于复合木芯层压地板产品边缘和接缝处的甲醛排放的腔室测试数据，对模型进行了约 1.5 年的验证。结果表明，基于机制的模型很好地描述了测试材料的长期甲醛排放。不同模型的预测进一步表明，与物理模型或经验模型相比，该改进模型具有优势。这项研究首次尝试检查将化学反应项纳入排放模型的可行性，并定量探索其对长期甲醛排放的贡献的重要性，其中包括材料和家具中大部分的室内排放。
