Max-Planck-Institute for Developmental Biology, Tübingen, Germany.
Max-Planck-Institute for Developmental Biology, Tübingen, Germany.
Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2019 Aug;57:31-38. doi: 10.1016/j.gde.2019.07.002. Epub 2019 Aug 14.
The genetic basis of morphological variation, both within and between species, provides a major topic in evolutionary biology. Teleost fish produce most elaborate color patterns, and among the more than 20000 species a number have been chosen for more detailed analyses because they are suitable to study particular aspects of color pattern evolution. In several fish species, color variants and pattern variants have been collected, transcriptome analyses have been carried out, and the recent advent of gene editing tools, such as CRISPR/Cas9, has allowed the production of mutants. Covering mostly the literature from the last three years, we discuss the cellular basis of coloration and the identification of loci involved in color pattern differences between sister species in cichlids and Danio species, in which cis-regulatory changes seem to prevail.
形态变异的遗传基础，无论是在物种内还是物种间，都是进化生物学的主要课题。硬骨鱼产生最精致的颜色图案，在 20000 多种鱼类中，有一些已经被选择进行更详细的分析，因为它们适合研究颜色图案进化的特定方面。在一些鱼类物种中，已经收集了颜色变体和图案变体，进行了转录组分析，并且最近出现的基因编辑工具，如 CRISPR/Cas9，已经允许产生突变体。本文主要讨论了过去三年的文献，讨论了颜色的细胞基础，以及鉴定慈鲷和 Danio 物种姐妹种之间颜色图案差异涉及的基因座，其中顺式调控变化似乎占主导地位。
