Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, The University of Manchester, UK.
Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, The University of Manchester, UK; Centre for Doctoral Training in Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, UK; Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, UK.
Matrix Biol. 2019 Nov;84:97-110. doi: 10.1016/j.matbio.2019.08.004. Epub 2019 Aug 15.
Circadian rhythms are daily oscillations that, in mammals, are driven by both a master clock, located in the brain, and peripheral clocks in cells and tissues. Approximately 10% of the transcriptome, including extracellular matrix components, is estimated to be under circadian control. Whilst it has been established that certain collagens and extracellular matrix proteases are diurnally regulated (for example in tendon, cartilage and intervertebral disc) the role played by circadian rhythms in mediating elastic fiber homeostasis is poorly understood. Skin, arteries and lungs are dynamic, resilient, elastic fiber-rich organs and tissues. In skin, circadian rhythms influence cell migration and proliferation, wound healing and susceptibility of the tissues to damage (from protease activity, oxidative stress and ultraviolet radiation). In the cardiovascular system, blood pressure and heart rate also follow age-dependent circadian rhythms whilst the lungs exhibit diurnal variations in immune response. In order to better understand these processes it will be necessary to characterise diurnal changes in extracellular matrix biology. In particular, given the sensitivity of peripheral clocks to external factors, the timed delivery of interventions (chronotherapy) has the potential to significantly improve the efficacy of treatments designed to repair and regenerate damaged cutaneous, vascular and pulmonary tissues.
昼夜节律是哺乳动物体内的一种日常波动，由位于大脑中的主时钟和细胞及组织中的外周时钟驱动。据估计，约有 10%的转录组，包括细胞外基质成分，受到昼夜节律的控制。虽然已经确定某些胶原蛋白和细胞外基质蛋白酶是昼夜节律调节的（例如在肌腱、软骨和椎间盘），但昼夜节律在调节弹性纤维稳态方面所起的作用还知之甚少。皮肤、动脉和肺是动态的、有弹性的、富含纤维的器官和组织。在皮肤中，昼夜节律会影响细胞迁移和增殖、伤口愈合以及组织对损伤的敏感性（来自蛋白酶活性、氧化应激和紫外线辐射）。在心血管系统中，血压和心率也遵循年龄相关的昼夜节律，而肺部的免疫反应则存在昼夜变化。为了更好地理解这些过程，有必要对细胞外基质生物学的昼夜变化进行特征描述。特别是，鉴于外周时钟对外界因素的敏感性，干预措施的定时（时间疗法）有可能显著提高修复和再生受损皮肤、血管和肺组织的治疗效果。
