The Fuqua School of Business, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
Graduate School of Public Health and Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul 037252, Korea.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Aug 19;16(16):2974. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16162974.
The current study explores the moderation of the relationship between obesity and labor market outcomes by direct employment efforts such as job hunting and job training of young adults. The study used data provided by the Korean Education and Employment Panel, a longitudinal data survey comprising middle and high school students from 2004 to 2015. Two dependent variables were assessed in this study: employment status and wage. The individual-level fixed effects were controlled. Despite having more direct employment efforts of either or both experience in job hunting and job training, compared to normal-weight counterparts, underweight men and overweight and obese women were reported to have a disadvantage in both dependent variables. Underweight men with job training experience were 12.02% less likely to be employed, while overweight and obese men had 6.80 times higher monthly wages when job training experience was accompanied compared to no such experience. For overweight and obese women, compared to that of their normal-weight counterparts, employment probability decreased by 4.78% per week-increase in job hunting, by 2.81% if any experience in job hunting. For underweight women, compared to that of their normal-weight counterparts, employment probability increased by 4.56 times per week-increase in job hunting and by 5.59 times if experience in job hunting, and by 6.96% if experience in job training. The results indicate that employment efforts do not fully moderate the presence of obesity penalty for labor market outcomes on those early in their careers.
本研究通过年轻人的求职和职业培训等直接就业努力，探讨了肥胖与劳动力市场结果之间关系的调节作用。本研究使用了韩国教育与就业面板（Korean Education and Employment Panel）提供的数据，该面板是一个包含 2004 年至 2015 年中学生和高中生的纵向数据调查。本研究评估了两个因变量：就业状况和工资。控制了个体层面的固定效应。尽管与正常体重的同龄人相比，体重过轻的男性和超重及肥胖的女性在求职和职业培训方面有更多的直接就业努力，但他们在两个因变量上都处于劣势。有求职经验的体重过轻男性就业的可能性降低了 12.02%，而有职业培训经验的超重和肥胖男性的月工资则比没有此类经验的男性高出 6.80 倍。对于超重和肥胖的女性来说，与正常体重的女性相比，求职次数每增加一周，就业的可能性就会降低 4.78%；有求职经验的情况下，这一比例会降低 2.81%。对于体重过轻的女性来说，与正常体重的女性相比，求职次数每增加一周，就业的可能性就会增加 4.56 倍；有求职经验的情况下，这一比例会增加 5.59 倍；有职业培训经验的情况下，这一比例会增加 6.96%。研究结果表明，对于那些刚步入职场的人来说，就业努力并不能完全缓解肥胖对劳动力市场结果的负面影响。
