Department of Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA.
Department of General Surgery, PhD Program in Experimental Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
Curr Opin Organ Transplant. 2019 Oct;24(5):604-612. doi: 10.1097/MOT.0000000000000691.
The current review summarizes contemporary decellularization and hydrogel manufacturing strategies in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
Decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) bioscaffolds are a valuable biomaterial that can be purposed into various forms of synthetic tissues such as hydrogels. ECM-based hydrogels can be of animal or human origin. The use of human tissues as a source for ECM hydrogels in the clinical setting is still in its infancy and current literature is scant and anecdotal, resulting in inconclusive results.
Thus far the methods used to obtain hydrogels from human tissues remains a work in progress. Gelation, the most complex technique in obtaining hydrogels, is challenging due to remarkable heterogeneity of the tissues secondary to interindividual variability. Age, sex, ethnicity, and preexisting conditions are factors that dramatically undermine the technical feasibility of the gelation process. This is contrasted with animals whose well defined anatomical and histological characteristics have been selectively bred for the goal of manufacturing hydrogels.
本综述总结了组织工程和再生医学领域中当前的脱细胞化和水凝胶制造策略。
脱细胞细胞外基质 (ECM) 生物支架是一种有价值的生物材料，可以制成各种形式的合成组织，如水凝胶。基于 ECM 的水凝胶可以来源于动物或人类。在临床环境中，将人类组织用作 ECM 水凝胶的来源仍处于起步阶段，目前的文献稀少且轶事性，导致结果不确定。
迄今为止，从人体组织中获得水凝胶的方法仍在不断发展。凝胶化是获得水凝胶最复杂的技术，由于个体间变异性导致组织的显著异质性，因此具有挑战性。年龄、性别、种族和既往疾病是极大地破坏凝胶化过程技术可行性的因素。这与动物形成鲜明对比，动物的明确解剖和组织学特征是为了制造水凝胶而有选择地培育的。
