Matthew Gfeller Sport-Related Traumatic Brain Injury Research Center, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2207 Stallings-Evans Sports Medicine Center, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Curriculum in Human Movement Science, Department of Allied Health Sciences, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Ann Biomed Eng. 2020 Jan;48(1):104-111. doi: 10.1007/s10439-019-02343-9. Epub 2019 Aug 21.
The influence of sex on head impact biomechanics is unknown for youth ice hockey. We sought to determine sex differences in head impact severity and frequency in youth ice hockey players. Male (n = 110) and female (n = 25) players (13-16 years old) were recruited from a local hockey organization. Players wore helmets instrumented with the Head Impact Telemetry System for all competitions and practices throughout the season. Seven team-seasons were captured. Random intercepts general mixed linear models determined whether linear acceleration and rotational acceleration differed by sex. Linear regression models evaluated the relationship between sex and impact frequency. All head impact biomechanics were natural log-transformed as their distributions were right-skewed. Females sustained fewer impacts per player than males (27 fewer impacts per player-season, p < 0.0001) even when analysis was limited to games only (21 fewer impacts per player-season, p < 0.0001). The linear acceleration was higher among females (1.07 g; 95% CI 1.00, 1.13; p = 0.04). There were no other meaningful sex differences in head impact severity. Female players are not permitted to body check, and this likely explains why they sustain fewer head impacts than males. However, as a result, females likely sustain a higher proportion of head impacts through illegal or unintentional head contact, and these impacts may result in more force being delivered to the head.
在青少年冰球中，性别的影响对头部撞击生物力学尚不清楚。我们试图确定青少年冰球运动员头部撞击严重程度和频率的性别差异。从当地一个冰球组织招募了男性（n=110）和女性（n=25）运动员（年龄 13-16 岁）。在整个赛季的所有比赛和练习中，运动员都戴着装有头部撞击遥测系统的头盔。记录了七个队赛季的数据。随机截距一般混合线性模型确定线性加速度和旋转加速度是否因性别而异。线性回归模型评估了性别与撞击频率之间的关系。由于分布偏态右，所有头部撞击生物力学都经过自然对数转换。尽管仅分析比赛时，女性每个球员的撞击次数也比男性少（每个球员赛季少 27 次撞击，p<0.0001）。女性的线性加速度更高（1.07g；95%置信区间 1.00，1.13；p=0.04）。头部撞击严重程度没有其他有意义的性别差异。女性不允许身体碰撞，这可能解释了为什么她们比男性遭受的头部撞击次数少。然而，结果是，女性可能通过非法或非故意的头部接触承受更高比例的头部撞击，这些撞击可能导致更多的力传递到头部。
