12340 Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, UTHealth School of Public Health in Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
8193 Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, TX, USA.
J Hum Lact. 2020 May;36(2):328-336. doi: 10.1177/0890334419865902. Epub 2019 Aug 22.
Although the reasons for discontinued breastfeeding are multifactorial, an unsupportive work environment is consistently reported as a barrier to continued breastfeeding. In the United States, several state breastfeeding advocates have taken a distinctive approach to promote worksite lactation support by developing statewide recognition initiatives aimed at incentivizing employers to support breastfeeding employees by offering public recognition for the worksites' efforts.
To identify and describe statewide worksite lactation support recognition initiatives in the United States.
Between May 2016 and June 2017, semi-structured phone interviews were conducted with breastfeeding experts in each U.S. state ( = 60 participants) for this cross-sectional study. Experts in states with a recognition initiative were asked about the background, structure, and requirements of the initiative.
Twenty-six states had a current initiative, and some had requirements for providing a private space ( = 19; 73%) and time ( = 18; 69%) for employees to express human milk, as well as a written worksite lactation support policy ( = 10; 38%).
This was the first study in which researchers systematically identified ongoing worksite lactation support recognition initiatives in the United States. The results of this work also served to highlight both the similarities and the variety between initiatives. Future researchers should aim to determine the components of an initiative that increase employer support and, in turn, breastfeeding rates.
尽管停止母乳喂养的原因是多方面的，但研究一致表明，缺乏支持的工作环境是继续母乳喂养的障碍。在美国，几位州母乳喂养倡导者采取了独特的方法，通过开展全州范围的认可倡议来促进工作场所的母乳喂养支持，旨在通过为工作场所的努力提供公开认可来激励雇主支持母乳喂养的员工。
确定和描述美国全州范围的工作场所母乳喂养支持认可倡议。
在 2016 年 5 月至 2017 年 6 月期间，对美国每个州的母乳喂养专家进行了半结构化电话访谈（ = 60 名参与者），进行这项横断面研究。对有认可倡议的州的专家询问了倡议的背景、结构和要求。
26 个州有当前的倡议，其中一些州要求为员工提供表达人乳的私人空间（ = 19；73%）和时间（ = 18；69%），以及书面工作场所母乳喂养支持政策（ = 10；38%）。
这是第一项研究，研究人员系统地确定了美国正在进行的工作场所母乳喂养支持认可倡议。这项工作的结果也突出了倡议之间的相似之处和多样性。未来的研究人员应该旨在确定提高雇主支持并进而提高母乳喂养率的倡议的组成部分。
