Faculty of Forestry, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey.
J Environ Manage. 2019 Nov 1;249:109356. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109356. Epub 2019 Aug 21.
Determining appropriate management strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions using optimization techniques to understand how forest management activities affect the carbon dynamics is critical in implementing effective carbon management policies. This paper quantitatively analyzes the long-term effects of different management policies and silvicultural interventions using linear programming. In the analyses, afforestation targets for bare forest lands, tree species, carbon prices, planning approaches and sets of various targets and constraints on carbon dynamics were evaluated. The results were based on twenty-five forest management scenarios formulated for the Korucu Forest Planning Unit of Turkey. The results showed that, compared to timber-based planning strategies (TM), ecosystem-based planning approach (EM) contributes to a significant reduction in carbon sequestration in many cases. When different afforestation targets were incorporated into forest management strategies, cumulative carbon sequestration increased constantly compared to baseline scenario without any afforestation areas. In addition, the highest total carbon sequestration was observed when black pine (P. nigra) was used in afforestation activities rather than oak species (Quercus sp.) and other available tree species. While total timber production and timber net present value (NPV) decreased, carbon sequestration increased significantly with increasing carbon price. As a result of increasing carbon price from $20/ton to $100/ton, joint NPV increased by about five times. The results highlighted the importance of forest ecosystem and developing and implementing climate adaption measures into forest management activities in tackling climate change phenomenon.
利用优化技术确定适当的管理策略以减少温室气体排放，了解森林管理活动如何影响碳动态，这对于实施有效的碳管理政策至关重要。本文使用线性规划对不同管理政策和造林干预措施的长期影响进行了定量分析。在分析中，评估了裸地造林目标、树种、碳价格、规划方法以及对碳动态的各种目标和约束的设定。结果基于为土耳其 Korucu 森林规划单元制定的 25 个森林管理情景。结果表明，与基于木材的规划策略（TM）相比，基于生态系统的规划方法（EM）在许多情况下有助于显著减少碳封存。当将不同的造林目标纳入森林管理策略中时，与没有造林区的基线情景相比，累计碳封存量不断增加。此外，在造林活动中使用黑松（P. nigra）而不是橡树物种（Quercus sp.）和其他可用树种时，总碳封存量最高。虽然总木材产量和木材净现值（NPV）下降，但碳封存随着碳价格的增加而显著增加。随着碳价格从 20 美元/吨增加到 100 美元/吨，联合 NPV 增加了约五倍。研究结果强调了森林生态系统的重要性，以及将应对气候变化现象的气候适应措施纳入森林管理活动中的重要性。
