Faculty of Forestry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.
Erzurum Regional Directorate of Forestry, Erzurum, Turkey.
Integr Environ Assess Manag. 2022 Jan;18(1):209-223. doi: 10.1002/ieam.4448. Epub 2021 Jun 11.
Evaluating the spatiotemporal patterns of carbon dynamics is critical for both understanding the role of forest ecosystems in the carbon cycle and developing effective forest policies to mitigate the impacts of climate change. This study analyzes the effects of spatiotemporal changes on carbon dynamics based on landscape structure for the Hisar Planning Unit, Turkey, using forest inventory data between 1973 and 2015. The total carbon stock increased from 1434.49 Gg in 1973 to 1919.37 Gg in 2015, an increase of 33.8%. The mean annual carbon storage was 11.54 Gg · year , including 4.28 Gg · year in biomass and 7.26 Gg · year in soil over four decades. The most significant carbon pool in the total carbon stock was from the soil, with 71.6%, 70.7%, and 69.4% of the total carbon storage in 1973, 1998, and 2015, respectively. Pure pine stands, overmature development stages, fully covered stands, and older forests were the prevailing factors affecting carbon density. The conversion from degraded (1442.47 ha, 14.85%), coppice (157.04 ha, 3.9%), and non-forest lands (1412.91 ha, 5.2%) to productive forests with afforestation or restoration activities significantly boosted the total carbon storage. Furthermore, increasing awareness and stewardship in forest management coupled with improved economic well-being reduced the pressure on the forests, leading to an increase in the quality of forest structure. These changes in landscape structure resulted in the heterogeneous distribution of carbon dynamics. In conclusion, understanding the spatiotemporal patterns of carbon dynamics is crucial for both forest managers and policy-makers in developing sustainable forest management practices and climate mitigation strategies for ecological sustainability and climate-smart forestry. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2022;18:209-223. © 2021 SETAC.
评估碳动态的时空格局对于理解森林生态系统在碳循环中的作用以及制定减轻气候变化影响的有效森林政策至关重要。本研究基于景观结构，利用 1973 年至 2015 年的森林清查数据，分析了时空变化对土耳其希萨尔规划单元碳动态的影响。1973 年至 2015 年，总碳储量从 1434.49 Gg 增加到 1919.37 Gg，增长了 33.8%。40 年来，平均年碳储量为 11.54 Gg·yr-1，其中生物量为 4.28 Gg·yr-1，土壤为 7.26 Gg·yr-1。在总碳储量中，碳库最大的是土壤，分别占 1973 年、1998 年和 2015 年总碳储量的 71.6%、70.7%和 69.4%。纯松林、过熟发展阶段、全覆盖林分和较老林分是影响碳密度的主要因素。退化（1442.47 ha，14.85%）、萌生（157.04 ha，3.9%）和非林地（1412.91 ha，5.2%）向生产力较高的森林（通过造林或恢复活动）的转化显著提高了总碳储量。此外，提高森林管理的认识和管理水平，加上经济福祉的改善，减少了对森林的压力，从而提高了森林结构的质量。这些景观结构的变化导致了碳动态的异质分布。总之，了解碳动态的时空格局对于森林管理者和决策者制定可持续森林管理实践和减轻气候变化的战略以实现生态可持续性和气候智能型林业至关重要。《综合环境评估与管理》2022 年；18：209-223。
