Department of Pediatrics, Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Health, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.
Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, 1300 South 2nd Street, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
J Youth Adolesc. 2020 Apr;49(4):836-848. doi: 10.1007/s10964-019-01100-4. Epub 2019 Aug 24.
Research has indicated that lesbian, gay, bisexual, and queer/questioning (LGBQ) adolescents have disproportionately high rates of substance use compared to heterosexual peers; yet certain features of schools and communities have been associated with lower substance use rates in this population. To advance this field, research examining multiple levels of influence using measures developed with youth input is needed. With community, school, and student data, this study tested hypotheses that LGBQ students attending high schools and living in communities with more LGBQ-supportive environments (assessed with a novel inventory tool) have lower odds of substance use behaviors (cigarette smoking, alcohol use, marijuana use, prescription drug misuse, and other drug use) than their peers in less supportive LGBQ environments. Multilevel models using data from 2454 LGBQ students (54.0% female, 63.9% non-Hispanic white) in 81 communities and adjusting for student and school covariates found that LGBQ adolescents who lived in areas with more community support had lower odds of frequent substance use, particularly among females. Expanding and strengthening community resources (e.g., LGBQ youth-serving organizations, LGBQ events such as a Pride parade, and LGBQ-friendly services) is recommended to further support LGBQ adolescents and reduce substance use disparities.
研究表明，与异性恋同龄人相比，女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋和酷儿/疑问（LGBQ）青少年的物质使用比率过高；然而，学校和社区的某些特征与该人群中较低的物质使用比率有关。为了推进这一领域的研究，需要使用具有青年投入的措施来检查多个层面的影响的研究。本研究利用社区、学校和学生数据，检验了以下假设：与在不太支持 LGBQ 的环境中（使用新颖的清单工具评估）的同龄人相比，就读于支持性环境更强的学校并生活在这些环境中的 LGBQ 学生，其物质使用行为（吸烟、饮酒、使用大麻、滥用处方药物和其他药物使用）的可能性更低。使用来自 81 个社区的 2454 名 LGBQ 学生（54.0%为女性，63.9%为非西班牙裔白人）的数据进行多层次模型分析，并调整了学生和学校的协变量，发现生活在社区支持度较高地区的 LGBQ 青少年物质使用频繁的可能性较低，特别是女性。建议扩大和加强社区资源（例如，为 LGBQ 青年服务的组织、LGBQ 活动，如骄傲游行和 LGBQ 友好服务），以进一步支持 LGBQ 青少年并减少物质使用方面的差异。
