Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière (ICM) - Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, Paris, France.
VIB Center for Brain and Disease, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven School of Medicine, Leuven, Belgium.
Dev Cell. 2019 Sep 23;50(6):780-792.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.devcel.2019.07.027. Epub 2019 Aug 22.
Size trade-offs of visual versus olfactory organs is a pervasive feature of animal evolution. This could result from genetic or functional constraints. We demonstrate that head sensory organ size trade-offs in Drosophila are genetically encoded and arise through differential subdivision of the head primordium into visual versus non-visual fields. We discover that changes in the temporal regulation of the highly conserved eyeless/Pax6 gene expression during development is a conserved mechanism for sensory trade-offs within and between Drosophila species. We identify a natural single nucleotide polymorphism in the cis-regulatory region of eyeless in a binding site of its repressor Cut that is sufficient to alter its temporal regulation and eye size. Because eyeless/Pax6 is a conserved regulator of head sensory placode subdivision, we propose that its temporal regulation is key to define the relative size of head sensory organs.
视觉器官和嗅觉器官大小的权衡是动物进化的普遍特征。这可能是由于遗传或功能的限制。我们证明，果蝇头部感觉器官大小的权衡是由基因编码的，并通过头部原基的视觉与非视觉区域的差异细分产生。我们发现，在发育过程中高度保守的无眼/Pax6 基因表达的时间调控的变化是果蝇种内和种间感觉权衡的保守机制。我们在无眼基因的顺式调控区发现了一个自然的单核苷酸多态性，它是其抑制因子 Cut 的结合位点，足以改变其时间调控和眼睛大小。由于无眼/Pax6 是头部感觉基板细分的保守调控因子，我们提出其时间调控是确定头部感觉器官相对大小的关键。
