Oide Shiho, Kuwata Tomoyuki, Wang Liangcheng, Imai Ken, Chikazawa Kenro, Takagi Kenjiro
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jichi Medical University, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan.
J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2019 Nov;45(11):2284-2288. doi: 10.1111/jog.14095. Epub 2019 Aug 26.
Placental mesenchymal dysplasia (PMD), characterized by an enlarged and thickened placenta with multiple hypoechoic cystic spaces, frequently leads to a poor infantile/fetal outcome. Here, we describe a case of PMD involving an infant delivered at term with a good outcome. The fetus was male, and the proportion of the PMD lesion to the entire placenta remained constant: the PMD lesion did not enlarge. Given what is known about the pathogenesis of PMD with its association with vascular endothelial growth factor-D (VEGF-D) encoded by an X-linked gene and androgenetic/biparental mosaicism, which is consistent with female dominancy and a poor outcome, we suggest that a male sex of the fetus and non-progressing PMD may have been associated with this good outcome.
胎盘间充质发育异常（PMD）的特征是胎盘增大增厚，伴有多个低回声囊性区，常导致婴儿/胎儿预后不良。在此，我们描述一例足月分娩且预后良好的PMD病例。胎儿为男性，PMD病变占整个胎盘的比例保持恒定：PMD病变未增大。鉴于已知PMD的发病机制与X连锁基因编码的血管内皮生长因子-D（VEGF-D）以及与女性优势和不良预后一致的雄激素/双亲嵌合体有关，我们认为胎儿的男性性别和无进展的PMD可能与这一良好预后有关。
