Smýkalová Aneta, Sokolová Barbora, Foniok Kryštof, Matějka Vlastimil, Praus Petr
Department of Chemistry, VŠB Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, 700 33 Ostrava, Czech Republic.
Institute of Environmental technologies, VŠB Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, 700 33 Ostrava, Czech Republic.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2019 Aug 23;9(9):1194. doi: 10.3390/nano9091194.
Exfoliated graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) and two commercially available nanomaterials from titanium dioxide (P25 and CG300) were tested for the photocatalytic degradation of paracetamol (PAR), ibuprofen (IBU), and diclofenac (DIC). Prior to photocatalytic experiments, the nanomaterials were characterized by common methods, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-VIS diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy in attenuated total reflection mode (FTIR-ATR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), physisorption of nitrogen, and dynamic vapor adsorption (DVS) of water. The sizes and specific surface area (SSA) of the TiO nanoparticles were 6 nm and 300 m·g for CG300 and 21 nm and 50 m·g for P25. The SSA of g-CN was 140 m·g. All photocatalytic experiments were performed under UV (368 nm), as well as VIS (446 nm) irradiation. TiO P25 was the most active photocatalyst under UV irradiation and g-CN was the most active one under VIS irradiation. Photodegradation yields were evaluated by means of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and reaction intermediates were identified using gas chromatography with mass detection (GC-MS). Paracetamol and ibuprofen were totally removed but the intermediates of diclofenac were observed even after 6 h of irradiation. Some intermediates, such as carbazole-1-acetic acid, 2,6-dichloraniline, and hydroxylated derivates of diclofenac were identified. This study showed that g-CN is a promising photocatalyst for the degradation of pharmaceuticals in an aqueous environment, under visible light.
测试了剥离的石墨相氮化碳（g-CN）以及两种市售的二氧化钛纳米材料（P25和CG300）对扑热息痛（PAR）、布洛芬（IBU）和双氯芬酸（DIC）的光催化降解性能。在光催化实验之前，通过常见方法对纳米材料进行了表征，如X射线衍射（XRD）、紫外可见漫反射光谱（DRS）、衰减全反射模式下的傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR-ATR）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、氮气物理吸附以及水的动态蒸汽吸附（DVS）。CG300的TiO纳米颗粒尺寸和比表面积（SSA）分别为6 nm和300 m²·g⁻¹，P25的为21 nm和50 m²·g⁻¹。g-CN的SSA为140 m²·g⁻¹。所有光催化实验均在紫外光（368 nm）以及可见光（446 nm）照射下进行。TiO P25在紫外光照射下是最具活性的光催化剂，而g-CN在可见光照射下是最具活性的。通过高效液相色谱（HPLC）评估光降解产率，并使用气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）鉴定反应中间体。扑热息痛和布洛芬被完全去除，但即使照射6小时后仍观察到双氯芬酸的中间体。鉴定出了一些中间体，如咔唑-1-乙酸、2,6-二氯苯胺以及双氯芬酸的羟基化衍生物。这项研究表明，g-CN是一种在可见光下对水环境中药物降解有前景的光催化剂。
