Southwest Pennsylvania Environmental Health Project, McMurray, PA, USA.
San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA.
J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 2019;54(14):1357-1363. doi: 10.1080/10934529.2019.1657763. Epub 2019 Aug 27.
Various exposure estimates have been used to assess health impact of unconventional natural gas development (UNGD). The purpose of this study was to (1) use an air pollution dispersal screening model and wind direction to characterize the air emissions from UNGD facilities at each residence and (2) assess association of this exposure estimate with respiratory symptoms. Respiratory symptoms were abstracted from health records of a convenience sample of 104 adults from one county in southwestern PA who had completed a standard clinical interview with a nurse practitioner. Using publicly available air emission data, we applied a "box" air pollution dispersion screening model to estimate the median ambient air level of CO, NO, PM 2.5, VOCs, and formaldehyde at the residence during the year health symptoms were reported. Sources and median emissions were categorized as north, south, east, or west of the residence to account for the effect of wind direction on dispersion. Binary logistic regression was performed for each respiratory symptom. Number of sources had varying magnitudes of association with some symptoms (i.e., cough, shortness of breath, and "any respiratory symptom") and no association with others (i.e., sore throat, sinus problems, wheezing). Air emissions were not associated with any symptom.
已经使用了各种暴露评估来评估非常规天然气开发（UNGD）对健康的影响。本研究的目的是：（1）使用空气污染扩散筛选模型和风向来描述每个住宅中 UNGD 设施的空气排放；（2）评估这种暴露评估与呼吸症状的关联。呼吸症状是从宾夕法尼亚州西南部一个县的 104 名成年人的便利样本的健康记录中提取出来的，这些成年人完成了与执业护士的标准临床访谈。我们使用公开的空气质量排放数据，应用“盒式”空气污染扩散筛选模型来估算报告健康症状的那一年中住宅环境中 CO、NO、PM2.5、VOC 和甲醛的中位数水平。来源和中位数排放量被分类为住宅的北、南、东或西，以考虑风向对扩散的影响。对每个呼吸症状进行了二元逻辑回归分析。有些症状（即咳嗽、呼吸急促和“任何呼吸症状”）与来源数量有不同程度的关联，而其他症状（即喉咙痛、鼻窦问题、喘息）则没有关联。空气排放与任何症状均无关联。
