Chang'a Edwin Peter, Abdallh Medani Eldow, Ahiwe Emmanuel Uchenna, Al-Qahtani Mohammed, Mbaga Said, Iji Paul Ade
Department of Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia.
Tanzania Livestock Research Institute, P.O. Box 352, TALIRI Mabuki, Mwanza, Tanzania.
J Anim Sci Technol. 2019 Jul;61(4):192-203. doi: 10.5187/jast.2019.61.4.192. Epub 2019 Jul 31.
A study was conducted to determine the influence of feed form and microbial enzyme supplementation on energy utilization, bone quality, and amino acid and mineral digestibility of broiler chickens. Four hundred and eighty Ross 308, day-old broiler chickens were randomly assigned to eight diets formulated from commonly used ingredients in Tanzania. A 2 (pellet or mash) × 4 (control, Axtra XB, Quantum Blue (QB) and Axtra XB + QB enzyme) factorial array in a completely randomized design having six replicates per treatment (10 birds per replicate) was used. Birds were raised in climate-controlled rooms in a 3-phase; starter (0-10 days), grower (11-24 days) and finisher (25-35 days). Apparent metabolizable energy (AME), metabolizable energy intake, net energy of production, energy retained as protein (REp), and efficiency of metabolizable energy use for energy and protein retention were higher ( < 0.05) in birds fed pelleted diets. The AME and REp was higher ( < 0.05) with enzyme supplementation. Ash content, weight, length, width and breaking strength of tibia bones were highest ( < 0.05) in birds on pelleted diets. Tibia bone traits were improved ( < 0.05) when enzymes were included, particularly in a combination of QB and Axtra XB. However, potassium, magnesium, and zinc contents were highest ( < 0.05) when QB was supplemented. Digestibility of all amino acids was higher ( < 0.05) in birds supplied with pellets and with enzyme supplementation for most amino acids, except for serine. There was a positive interaction ( < 0.05) between feed form and enzymes on lysine and phenylalanine digestibility. Digestibility of Ca, P, K, S, Zn, and Fe was higher ( < 0.05) in birds fed pelleted diets, while those on mashed diets had higher ( < 0.05) digestibility of Cu and B. The digestibility of P, K, and Zn was highest ( < 0.001) when QB was added, while Ca, P, S, and B digestibility was highest when a combination of Axtra XB + QB was applied. Pelleted diets with or without enzymes improved energy utilization, digestibility of amino acids, and minerals, and increased bone strength in broiler chickens.
进行了一项研究，以确定饲料形态和添加微生物酶对肉鸡能量利用、骨骼质量以及氨基酸和矿物质消化率的影响。480只1日龄的罗斯308肉鸡被随机分配到由坦桑尼亚常用原料配制的8种日粮中。采用2（颗粒料或粉料）×4（对照组、Axtra XB、量子蓝（QB）和Axtra XB + QB酶）析因设计，完全随机分组，每个处理6个重复（每个重复10只鸡）。鸡在气候控制的鸡舍中饲养，分三个阶段：育雏期（0 - 10天）、生长期（11 - 24天）和育肥期（25 - 35天）。饲喂颗粒料的鸡的表观代谢能（AME）、代谢能摄入量、生产净能、以蛋白质形式保留的能量（REp）以及代谢能用于能量和蛋白质保留的效率更高（P < 0.05）。添加酶后AME和REp更高（P < 0.05）。颗粒料组鸡的胫骨骨灰分含量、重量、长度、宽度和断裂强度最高（P < 0.05）。添加酶后，特别是QB和Axtra XB组合，胫骨骨骼性状得到改善（P < 0.05）。然而，添加QB时钾、镁和锌含量最高（P < 0.05）。除丝氨酸外，饲喂颗粒料且大多数氨基酸添加酶的鸡，所有氨基酸的消化率更高（P < 0.05）。在赖氨酸和苯丙氨酸消化率方面，饲料形态和酶之间存在正交互作用（P < 0.05）。饲喂颗粒料的鸡对钙、磷、钾、硫、锌和铁的消化率更高（P < 0.05），而饲喂粉料的鸡对铜和硼的消化率更高（P < 0.05）。添加QB时磷、钾和锌的消化率最高（P < 0.001），而应用Axtra XB + QB组合时钙、磷、硫和硼的消化率最高。添加或不添加酶的颗粒料均可提高肉鸡的能量利用、氨基酸和矿物质消化率，并增强骨骼强度。
