Yaya S, Ghose B
Faculté de Médecine Université de Parakou Parakou Benin.
Institute of Nutrition and Food Science University of Dhaka Dhaka Bangladesh.
Obes Sci Pract. 2019 Jul 11;5(4):312-323. doi: 10.1002/osp4.351. eCollection 2019 Aug.
Countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are experiencing rising burdens of overweight/obesity and associated non-communicable diseases. As in other developing regions, this epidemiological transition in African countries is believed to be resulting from changes in dietary, sociodemographic structure and lifestyle factors. To date, not much is known about the prevalence and sociodemographic patterns of overweight/obesity in Uganda, especially among women of reproductive age. Therefore, this study aimed to address this research gap by using nationally representative data on women of this age group in Uganda.
This study involved analysis of cross-sectional data on 19,395 women aged between 15 and 49 years from Uganda Demographic and Health Survey for the years 1995-2016. Overweight/obesity was measured using body mass index as per World Health Organization guidelines, and logistic regression methods were used to identify the sociodemographic predictors.
There has a been significant rise in the prevalence of overweight (9.77% in 1995 vs. 16.21% in 2016) and obesity (1.99% in 1995 vs. 6.21% in 2016) since the first survey in 1995, with the most noticeable increase occurring in the central region that accounted for a combined prevalence of 17.22% in 1995 compared with 37. 21% in 2016. Multivariate analysis showed an increased likelihood of having overweight/obesity among women who live in the urban areas, have primary and above primary education, from non-poor households and users of radio and TV.
During the last two decades, there has been a slow but steady rise in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among women of reproductive age in Uganda. The present findings highlight the need for an enhanced attention on growing overweight/obesity within the broader goal improving maternal and child health in the country.
撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA）国家正面临超重/肥胖及相关非传染性疾病负担不断上升的问题。与其他发展中地区一样，非洲国家的这一流行病学转变被认为是由饮食、社会人口结构和生活方式因素的变化所致。迄今为止，关于乌干达超重/肥胖的患病率及社会人口模式，尤其是育龄妇女中的情况，所知甚少。因此，本研究旨在利用乌干达该年龄组妇女具有全国代表性的数据来填补这一研究空白。
本研究对1995 - 2016年乌干达人口与健康调查中19395名年龄在15至49岁之间的妇女的横断面数据进行了分析。根据世界卫生组织指南，使用体重指数来衡量超重/肥胖情况，并采用逻辑回归方法来确定社会人口预测因素。
自1995年首次调查以来，超重（1995年为9.77%，2016年为16.21%）和肥胖（1995年为1.99%，2016年为6.21%）的患病率显著上升，最明显的增长发生在中部地区，该地区1995年的综合患病率为17.22%，而2016年为37.21%。多变量分析显示，居住在城市地区、接受过小学及以上教育、来自非贫困家庭以及使用收音机和电视的妇女超重/肥胖的可能性增加。
在过去二十年中，乌干达育龄妇女超重和肥胖的患病率虽缓慢但稳步上升。目前的研究结果凸显了在该国改善母婴健康这一更广泛目标内，需要加强对超重/肥胖问题日益严重的关注。
