Department of Social Medicine, School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China.
Department of Health Management, School of Public Health, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Chongchuan District, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, China.
BMC Public Health. 2019 Aug 29;19(1):1189. doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-7526-2.
Hostility can result in negative outcomes in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA); however, previous research on this topic is far from adequate. To contribute to existing knowledge on this aspect of PLWHA, the current study examined the prevalence of hostility and its potential influencing factors among PLWHA.
A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was undertaken on 218 HIV patients in Heilongjiang Province of China between March and August in 2013. A multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with hostility.
The prevalence of hostility was 17.0% among the participants. The three most alarming types of hostility included desiring to kill the person who infected them, blaming the infection on the society, and abandoning themselves to despair. A multiple logistic regression model identified that depression (OR = 3.845, 95% CI = 1.309-9.229), perceived stigma (OR = 3.281, 95% CI = 1.109-7.711), and fear of dying (OR = 2.710, 95% CI = 1.068-6.881) were the risk factors for hostility, while higher levels of trust-in-doctor (OR = 0.176, 95% CI = 0.060-0.517) and per capita household income (OR = 0.344, 95% CI = 0.119-0.991) were protective factors.
Our findings highlight the prominent influence of psychological, healthcare, and social factors on hostility among PLWHA. Interventions specifically targeted to reduce hostility should be provided, including incorporating psychological service into HIV management guidelines, enhancing PLWHA's trust-in-doctor, establishing comprehensive services for PLWHA, reducing the social stigma against PLWHA, and paying more attention to PLWHA with financial problems. These interventions may improve the management and control of HIV/AIDS.
敌意可能会给感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病的人（PLWHA）带来负面后果；然而，关于这个主题的先前研究远远不够。为了丰富关于 PLWHA 这一方面的现有知识，本研究调查了 PLWHA 中敌意的流行程度及其潜在的影响因素。
2013 年 3 月至 8 月，在中国黑龙江省对 218 名 HIV 患者进行了横断面问卷调查。采用多因素逻辑回归分析确定与敌意相关的因素。
参与者中敌意的患病率为 17.0%。最令人担忧的三种敌意类型包括：渴望杀死感染他们的人、将感染归咎于社会以及自暴自弃。多因素逻辑回归模型确定，抑郁（OR=3.845，95%CI=1.309-9.229）、感知耻辱感（OR=3.281，95%CI=1.109-7.711）和对死亡的恐惧（OR=2.710，95%CI=1.068-6.881）是敌意的危险因素，而对医生的信任度较高（OR=0.176，95%CI=0.060-0.517）和人均家庭收入（OR=0.344，95%CI=0.119-0.991）是保护因素。
我们的研究结果强调了心理、医疗保健和社会因素对 PLWHA 敌意的重要影响。应提供专门针对减少敌意的干预措施，包括将心理服务纳入 HIV 管理指南、增强 PLWHA 对医生的信任、为 PLWHA 建立综合服务、减少对 PLWHA 的社会污名化以及更加关注有经济问题的 PLWHA。这些干预措施可能会改善 HIV/AIDS 的管理和控制。
