Aichert Ingrid, Lehner Katharina, Falk Simone, Späth Mona, Ziegler Wolfram
Clinical Neuropsychology Research Group (EKN), Institute of Phonetics and Speech Processing, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Germany.
Laboratoire Phonétique et Phonologie, Université Sorbonne Nouvelle Paris, France.
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2019 Aug 29;62(8S):3104-3118. doi: 10.1044/2019_JSLHR-S-CSMC7-18-0172.
Purpose Earlier investigations based on word and sentence repetition tasks had revealed that the most prevalent metrical pattern in German (the trochee)-unlike the iambic pattern-facilitates articulation in patients with apraxia of speech (AOS; e.g., Aichert, Späth, & Ziegler, 2016), confirming that segmental and prosodic aspects of speech production interact. In this study, we investigated if articulation in apraxic speakers also benefits from auditory priming by speech with a regular rhythm. Furthermore, we asked if the advantage of regular speech rhythm, if present, is confined to impairments at the motor planning stage of speech production (i.e., AOS) or if it also applies to phonological encoding impairments. Method Twelve patients with AOS, 12 aphasic patients with postlexical phonological impairment (PI), and 36 neurologically healthy speakers were examined. A sequential synchronization paradigm based on a sentence completion task was conducted in conditions where we independently varied the metrical regularity of the prime sentence (regular vs. irregular prime sentence) and the metrical regularity of the target word (trochaic vs. iambic). Results Our data confirmed the facilitating effect of regular (trochaic) word stress on speech accuracy in patients with AOS (target effect). This effect could, for the first time, also be demonstrated in individuals with PI. Moreover, the study also revealed an influence of the metrical regularity of speech input in both patient groups (prime effect). Conclusions Patients with AOS and patients with PI exploited rhythmic cues in the speech of a model speaker for the initiation and the segmental realization of words. There seems to be a robust metrical influence on speech at both the phonological and the phonetic planning stages of speech production.
目的 早期基于单词和句子重复任务的研究表明，德语中最普遍的韵律模式（扬抑格）——与抑扬格模式不同——有助于言语失用症（AOS）患者的发音（例如，艾希特、施帕特和齐格勒，2016年），证实了言语产生的音段和韵律方面相互作用。在本研究中，我们调查了失用性说话者的发音是否也受益于具有规则节奏的言语的听觉启动。此外，我们还询问，如果存在规则言语节奏的优势，它是否仅限于言语产生的运动计划阶段的损伤（即AOS），或者它是否也适用于语音编码损伤。
方法 对12名AOS患者、12名患有词汇后语音损伤（PI）的失语症患者和36名神经功能正常的说话者进行了检查。在我们独立改变启动句的韵律规律性（规则启动句与不规则启动句）和目标词的韵律规律性（扬抑抑格与抑扬格）的条件下，基于句子完成任务进行了顺序同步范式实验。
结果 我们的数据证实了规则（扬抑抑格）单词重音对AOS患者言语准确性的促进作用（目标效应）。这种效应首次在患有PI的个体中也得到了证实。此外，该研究还揭示了两个患者组中言语输入的韵律规律性的影响（启动效应）。
结论 AOS患者和PI患者利用模型说话者言语中的节奏线索来开始单词并进行音段实现。在言语产生的语音和语音计划阶段，似乎对言语都有强大的韵律影响。
