Department of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1215 21st Ave S., Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, 230 Appleton Place, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2019 Dec;26(6):1941-1947. doi: 10.3758/s13423-019-01635-4.
Language has a rhythmic structure, but little is known about the mechanisms that underlie how it is planned. Traditional models of language production assume that metrical and segmental planning occur independently and in parallel (Roelofs & Meyer Learning Memory and Cognition, 24(4), 922-939, 1998). We test this claim in two experiments. In Experiment 1, participants completed an event-description task in which a disyllabic target word shared segmental overlap with a prime that either had matching or nonmatching lexical stress. Participants lengthened words in trials with both segmental and metrical overlap, which could either be the result of metrical interference or having uttered a prime with similar segmental realizations. To adjudicate between these possibilities, Experiment 2 included segmentally distinct word pairs with either matching or nonmatching stress. Participants again showed lengthening in trials with both segmental and metrical overlap, but no lengthening from metrical overlap alone. These data suggest that the acoustic-phonetic similarity of the initial syllables of the prime and target creates competition that leads to word lengthening. These are consistent with production models in which segmental and metrical structures are tightly bound at the point of phonological encoding.
语言具有节奏结构，但人们对其规划所依据的机制知之甚少。传统的语言产生模型假设韵律和音段规划是独立且并行发生的（Roelofs & Meyer，1998，《学习、记忆和认知》，第 24 卷，第 4 期，第 922-939 页）。我们在两项实验中检验了这一说法。在实验 1 中，参与者完成了一项事件描述任务，其中一个双音节目标词与一个具有匹配或不匹配词重的启动词在音段上重叠。参与者在既有音段重叠又有韵律重叠的试验中延长了单词的发音，这可能是韵律干扰的结果，也可能是因为说出了具有相似音段实现的启动词。为了在这些可能性之间做出裁决，实验 2 包括具有匹配或不匹配词重的音段上不同的词对。参与者再次在既有音段重叠又有韵律重叠的试验中表现出了延长，但在仅有韵律重叠的试验中没有延长。这些数据表明，启动词和目标词的首音节的声学-语音相似性会产生竞争，导致单词延长。这些结果与生产模型一致，在这些模型中，音段和韵律结构在语音编码时紧密结合。
