与老年美国黑人社区样本中健康素养有限相关的人口统计学和社会心理因素。

Demographic and psychosocial factors associated with limited health literacy in a community-based sample of older Black Americans.

机构信息

Health Behavior, Society and Policy, Rutgers the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, USA; Formally affiliated with Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, USA.

Formally affiliated with Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, USA; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.

出版信息

Patient Educ Couns. 2020 Feb;103(2):385-391. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2019.08.026. Epub 2019 Aug 18.

DOI:10.1016/j.pec.2019.08.026

PMID:31466881

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7012696/

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

Individuals with limited health literacy often experience suboptimal health outcomes. This study examined the frequency of limited health literacy and demographic and psychosocial factors associated with limited health literacy in a sample of older Black Americans.

METHODS

Participants (n = 330) enrolled in a community-based intervention to promote colorectal cancer (CRC) screening completed baseline surveys assessing health literacy with the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine, Revised (REALM-R) test, CRC awareness, cancer fatalism, Preventive Health Model (PHM) constructs, and demographics.

RESULTS

Approximately 52% of participants had limited health literacy, the REALM-R score was 5.4 (SD = 2.7). Univariable correlates of limited health literacy were gender, employment, income, prior screening, cancer fatalism, CRC awareness, and PHM constructs (religious beliefs, salience/coherence, perceived susceptibility). Multivariable correlates of limited health literacy were male gender (OR = 2.3, CI = 1.4-3.8), unable to work (OR = 2.8, CI = 1.3-6.1), lower household income (OR = 3.0, CI = 1.6, 5.5), and higher PHM religious beliefs (OR = 1.1, CI = 1.0-1.2).

CONCLUSION

Limited health literacy was associated with multiple complex factors. Interventions should incorporate patient health literacy and low-literacy materials that can be delivered through multiple channels.

PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS

Future studies are needed to understand the role of health literacy in an individual's health behavior and the provision of effective healthcare.

摘要

目的

健康素养有限的个体通常会出现较差的健康结果。本研究在一个老年非裔美国人样本中，检查了有限健康素养的频率以及与有限健康素养相关的人口统计学和心理社会因素。

方法

参加促进结直肠癌（CRC）筛查的基于社区的干预措施的参与者（n=330）完成了基线调查，使用修正后的成人医学简易评估量表（REALM-R）测试评估健康素养、CRC 意识、癌症宿命论、预防健康模型（PHM）结构以及人口统计学信息。

结果

大约 52%的参与者存在健康素养有限，REALM-R 得分为 5.4（标准差=2.7）。健康素养有限的单变量相关因素为性别、就业、收入、既往筛查、癌症宿命论、CRC 意识和 PHM 结构（宗教信仰、显著/连贯性、感知易感性）。健康素养有限的多变量相关因素为男性（比值比[OR]=2.3，置信区间[CI]=1.4-3.8）、无法工作（OR=2.8，CI=1.3-6.1）、家庭收入较低（OR=3.0，CI=1.6-5.5）和 PHM 宗教信仰较高（OR=1.1，CI=1.0-1.2）。