Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Italy.
Department of Surgery and Cancer, Division of Surgery, Imperial College London, UK.
Br J Dev Psychol. 2019 Nov;37(4):585-599. doi: 10.1111/bjdp.12299. Epub 2019 Aug 30.
This study examines the relationship between trait emotional intelligence (trait EI), support, and parental psychological control practices. Three hundred adolescents, between 11 and 13 years old, took part in the study (163 were males and 137 were females). Participants completed the Perceptions of Parents Scales for the parental support, the Dependency (DPC)- and Achievement (APC)-oriented Psychological Control Scales for the parental psychological control, and the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire-Child Form for the child's trait EI. Trait EI was related to parenting variables, and also, parental practices (both support and psychological control) predicted global trait EI in adolescents. Some gender-specific differences were found: both APC and DPC were negative predictors of trait EI in males, whereas only APC significantly predicted trait EI in females. Future longitudinal studies are needed to examine these results and to shed light on the processes involved in the development of trait EI. STATEMENT OF CONTRIBUTION: What is already known on the subject? There exists strong evidence of the interaction between parenting practices and emotional development in children and adolescents. Therefore, parental psychological control is negatively correlated with peer support and self-esteem, and positively related to anxiety and aggressive behaviour in children. However, there is paucity on research examining the relationship between parenting and trait EI in children. What does this study adds? This study extends earlier work in this field and investigates whether there is a relationship between trait EI and parenting practices (parental support and psychological control) and whether it depends on child and parent gender. This study, therefore, aims to investigate, for the first time, parental factors that may, in addition to those constitutional, be related to trait EI in children. Specifically, the objective of the present study was to investigate whether parenting practices would predict adolescents' trait EI and whether these relations depend on the gender.
这项研究考察了特质情绪智力（特质 EI）、支持与父母心理控制实践之间的关系。300 名 11 至 13 岁的青少年参与了这项研究（其中 163 名是男性，137 名是女性）。参与者完成了父母感知量表（用于父母支持）、依赖（DPC）和成就（APC）定向心理控制量表（用于父母心理控制）以及特质情绪智力问卷-儿童形式（用于儿童特质 EI）。特质 EI 与父母教养变量有关，父母实践（支持和心理控制）也预测了青少年的整体特质 EI。还发现了一些性别特异性差异：APC 和 DPC 都是男性特质 EI 的负向预测因子，而 APC 仅显著预测女性特质 EI。未来需要进行纵向研究来检验这些结果，并阐明涉及特质 EI 发展的过程。研究贡献：该主题已有哪些已知信息？有强有力的证据表明，父母教养实践与儿童和青少年的情绪发展之间存在相互作用。因此，父母心理控制与同伴支持和自尊呈负相关，与儿童的焦虑和攻击行为呈正相关。然而，关于研究父母与儿童特质 EI 之间关系的研究很少。这项研究有何新发现？这项研究扩展了该领域的早期工作，调查了特质 EI 是否与父母教养实践（父母支持和心理控制）有关，以及这些关系是否取决于孩子和父母的性别。因此，这项研究旨在首次调查除了那些与特质 EI 相关的因素之外，可能与儿童特质 EI 相关的父母因素。具体而言，本研究的目的是调查父母教养实践是否会预测青少年的特质 EI，以及这些关系是否取决于性别。
