School of Arts and Humanities, Division of Psychology, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup 6027, Australia.
Division of Psychology & Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Aug 29;16(17):3154. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16173154.
Suicide and self-harm represent serious global health problems and appear to be especially elevated amongst indigenous minority groups, and particularly amongst young people (aged 24 years or younger). This systematic review investigates for the first time the antecedents and prevalence of suicide, self-harm and suicide ideation among Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth. Web of Science, PubMed, PsychINFO, CINAHL databases and grey literature were searched from earliest records to April 2019 for eligible articles. Twenty-two empirical articles met the inclusion criteria. The data confirmed that indigenous youth in Australia have elevated rates of suicide, self-harm and suicidal ideation relative to the nonindigenous population. Risk factors included being incarcerated, substance use and greater social and emotional distress. Notably, though, information on predictors of suicide and self-harm remains scarce. The findings support and justify the increasing implementation of public health programs specifically aimed at tackling this crisis. Based on the review findings, we argued that Aboriginal communities are best positioned to identify and understand the antecedents of youth self-harm, suicide ideation and suicide, and to take the lead in the development of more effective mental health preventive strategies and public policies within their communities.
自杀和自残是全球性的严重健康问题，在原住民和少数民族群体中尤为突出，尤其是年轻人（24 岁及以下）。本系统综述首次调查了澳大利亚原住民和托雷斯海峡岛民青年自杀、自残和自杀意念的前因和流行率。从最早的记录到 2019 年 4 月，在 Web of Science、PubMed、PsychINFO、CINAHL 数据库和灰色文献中搜索了符合条件的文章。有 22 篇实证文章符合纳入标准。数据证实，澳大利亚的土著青年自杀、自残和自杀意念的发生率相对较高。风险因素包括被监禁、使用药物和更大的社会和情感困扰。值得注意的是，尽管如此，关于自杀和自残预测因素的信息仍然很少。研究结果支持并证明了越来越多地实施专门针对这一危机的公共卫生方案的合理性。基于综述结果，我们认为，原住民社区最有能力识别和了解青年自残、自杀意念和自杀的前因，并在其社区内带头制定更有效的心理健康预防策略和公共政策。
