J Am Dent Assoc. 2019 Dec;150(12):1004-1014. doi: 10.1016/j.adaj.2019.04.003. Epub 2019 Aug 27.
Caries in Peruvian 0- through 3-year-olds is high. The dental profession should collaborate with nurses at mother and child health (MCH) clinics for reducing the disease. In this randomized clinical trial, the authors tested an integrated intervention program implemented by nurses and dentists.
The authors developed age-specific (0-3 years) oral health-related information and activity record cards and validated them for nurses to use after being educated about oral health issues and mouth inspection. The authors trained dentists in atraumatic restorative treatment. The active intervention group (AG) participated in the integrated intervention program, the passive intervention group (PG) received only the oral health-related information and activity record cards, and the control group (CG) received only a lecture. The examiners assessed caries status according to the Caries Assessment Spectrum and Treatment instrument. The authors used analysis of variance and the Tamhane method to analyze the data.
The sample consisted of 368 children with a mean age of 3.1 years. The 3-year dropout percentage was 40.5%. The prevalence of cavitated dentin carious lesions was statistically significantly lower in the AG (10.0%, confidence interval [CI] 4.1 to 19.5) than in the PG (60.5%, CI 48.6 to 71.5) and CG (63.0%, CI 50.9 to 74.0) after 3 years (P < .001). Enamel carious lesions (62.9%) were most prevalent in the AG, whereas carious lesions were most prevalent in the PG (28.9%) and CG (32.9%).
Incorporation of specific oral health care activities into the existing MCH program, implemented by trained nurses and supported by health center dentists, reduced the burden of caries in 3-year-olds substantially.
The oral health care professionals in Peru should collaborate with personnel of MCH clinics to curb caries in 0- through 3-year-olds.
秘鲁 0-3 岁儿童的龋齿发病率很高。为了减少这种疾病，牙医应该与母婴健康（MCH）诊所的护士合作。在这项随机临床试验中，作者测试了一种由护士和牙医实施的综合干预计划。
作者制定了针对特定年龄段（0-3 岁）的口腔健康相关信息和活动记录卡，并在对护士进行口腔健康问题和口腔检查方面的教育后，对其进行了验证。作者对牙医进行了非创伤性修复治疗方面的培训。实验组（AG）参与了综合干预计划，对照组（PG）仅收到口腔健康相关信息和活动记录卡，对照组（CG）仅接受了讲座。检查人员根据龋齿评估谱和治疗工具评估龋齿状况。作者使用方差分析和 Tamhane 方法进行数据分析。
该样本包括 368 名平均年龄为 3.1 岁的儿童。3 年的辍学率为 40.5%。3 年后，AG 组（10.0%，置信区间 [CI] 4.1 至 19.5）的窝沟牙本质龋损患病率明显低于 PG 组（60.5%，CI 48.6 至 71.5）和 CG 组（63.0%，CI 50.9 至 74.0%）（P<0.001）。AG 组最常见的是牙釉质龋损（62.9%），而 PG 组（28.9%）和 CG 组（32.9%）最常见的是龋损。
将特定的口腔保健活动纳入现有的 MCH 计划中，由经过培训的护士实施，并得到健康中心牙医的支持，可显著减轻 3 岁儿童的龋齿负担。
秘鲁的口腔保健专业人员应与 MCH 诊所的人员合作，以遏制 0-3 岁儿童的龋齿。
