School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
FXB Center for Health and Human Rights, The Lakshmi Mittal and Family South Asia Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Dec 31;18(1):260. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18010260.
As communities worldwide shift from consuming traditional diets to more processed snacks and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), increases in child obesity and tooth decay and persistence of undernutrition are particularly apparent in Latin American countries. Further evidence of shared risk factors between child undernutrition and poor oral health outcomes is needed to structure more effective health interventions for children's nutrition. This study aims to identify dietary, oral health, and sociodemographic risk factors for child undernutrition and severe early childhood caries (sECC) among a convenience sample of 797 caregiver-child pairs from rural Salvadoran communities. Caregiver interviews on child dietary and oral health practices were conducted, and their children's height, weight, and dental exam data were collected. Multivariable regression analyses were performed using RStudio (version 1.0.143). Caregiver use of SSBs in the baby bottle was identified as a common significant risk factor for child undernutrition ( = 0.011) and sECC ( = 0.047). Early childhood caries ( = 0.023) was also a risk factor for developing undernutrition. Future maternal-child health and nutrition programs should coordinate with oral health interventions to discourage feeding children SSBs in the baby bottle and to advocate for policies limiting SSB marketing to young children and their families.
随着全球社区从传统饮食转向更多加工零食和含糖饮料（SSB），儿童肥胖和龋齿的增加以及营养不良的持续存在在拉丁美洲国家尤为明显。需要进一步证据来证明儿童营养不良和口腔健康不良结果之间存在共同的风险因素，以便为儿童营养制定更有效的健康干预措施。本研究旨在从萨尔瓦多农村社区的便利样本中识别 797 对照顾者-儿童对的饮食、口腔健康和社会人口学风险因素，以确定儿童营养不良和严重幼儿龋（sECC）。对照顾者进行了儿童饮食和口腔健康习惯的访谈，并收集了他们孩子的身高、体重和牙齿检查数据。使用 RStudio（版本 1.0.143）进行多变量回归分析。用奶瓶喂 SSB 被确定为儿童营养不良（ = 0.011）和 sECC（ = 0.047）的常见显著风险因素。幼儿龋（ = 0.023）也是导致营养不良的一个风险因素。未来的母婴健康和营养计划应与口腔健康干预措施相协调，以劝阻用奶瓶喂孩子 SSB，并倡导限制 SSB 向幼儿及其家庭营销的政策。
