Chemical Area, Institute of Chemical, University of Goias, Campus II, Goiânia, Goiás, 74690-900, Brazil.
Bioprocess Biosyst Eng. 2019 Dec;42(12):2015-2022. doi: 10.1007/s00449-019-02196-5. Epub 2019 Aug 30.
Global energy demand is increasing every day and most is still derived from non-renewable sources. Therefore, sustainable alternatives are sought to produce biofuels, such as biodiesel. Several studies have demonstrated the potential of microalgae and cyanobacteria to produce biodiesel and pigments. These pigments, such as lutein and astaxanthin, have a high commercial value and can economically support the production of biodiesel. However, few studies have explored the potential of cyanobacteria collected in thermal water. In these microorganisms, both biomass and metabolites production can be altered by the culture form. Thus, a cosmopolitan filamentous cyanobacterium (Geitlerinema amphibium) from thermal water was collected and isolated to evaluate its potential to produce fatty acids, biodiesel, and pigments in two culture media. G. amphibium was cultured in WC (Wright's Cryptophyte) and BBM (Bold's Basal Medium) media. Thermal stress (40 °C for 48 h) was applied to the medium, which generated higher productivity of the biomass in BBM. The cyanobacterium contained higher biodiesel content in the WC medium and higher pigment content in the BBM medium. Thermal stress increased the biodiesel content by 350%, but decreased pigment content. Two pigments with high commercial value (astaxanthin and lutein) were identified. G. amphibium produced up to 2.74 mg g of astaxanthin and 5.49 mg g of lutein, which is seven times more lutein than Marigold, currently the main raw material used commercially. Therefore, G. amphibium has the potential to produce biodiesel, astaxanthin, and lutein concomitantly.
全球能源需求每天都在增加，而且大部分能源仍来自不可再生资源。因此，人们正在寻找可持续的替代品来生产生物燃料，如生物柴油。有几项研究已经证明了微藻和蓝藻生产生物柴油和色素的潜力。这些色素，如叶黄素和虾青素，具有很高的商业价值，可以在经济上支持生物柴油的生产。然而，很少有研究探索从热水中采集的蓝藻的潜力。在这些微生物中，生物量和代谢产物的生产都可以通过培养形式来改变。因此，从热水中收集并分离了一种世界性的丝状蓝藻（Geitlerinema amphibium），以评估其在两种培养基中生产脂肪酸、生物柴油和色素的潜力。G. amphibium 在 WC（莱特隐藻）和 BBM（博尔德基础培养基）培养基中进行培养。对培养基施加热应激（40°C 48 小时），这导致 BBM 中生物量的生产力更高。蓝藻在 WC 培养基中含有更高的生物柴油含量，在 BBM 培养基中含有更高的色素含量。热应激使生物柴油含量增加了 350%，但降低了色素含量。鉴定出两种具有高商业价值的色素（虾青素和叶黄素）。G. amphibium 产生的虾青素高达 2.74mg/g，叶黄素高达 5.49mg/g，是目前商业上主要使用的万寿菊的 7 倍。因此，G. amphibium 具有同时生产生物柴油、虾青素和叶黄素的潜力。
