Department of Experimental Surgery, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, 97080, Bavaria, Germany.
Department of Neurology, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Bochum, 44789, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.
Appetite. 2020 Mar 1;146:104419. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.104419. Epub 2019 Aug 28.
Obesity in part arises from the regular overconsumption of palatable, caloric-dense foods. This maladaptive eating behavior has been described as impulsive, compulsive and even addictive, and has its origins in molecular and cellular aberrations in the gut and brain. Mounting evidence from human and rodent studies suggests that Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery persistantly promotes lower caloric intake by modifying gut-brain communication. In this Review, we discuss how the changes in gut hormones, nutrient sensing andmicrobiota brought about by RYGB together favourably regulate homeostatic, reward and executive brain functions. We further speculate on how this lastingly establishes a negative whole-body energy balance in the face of plenty. Future studies will more completely characterize the role of modified gut-brain communication in the healthier eating behavior following RYGB, possibly facilitating the development of more effective, non-surgical weight loss treatments.
肥胖部分源于对美味、高热量食物的规律过度摄入。这种适应不良的进食行为被描述为冲动、强迫甚至成瘾，其起源于肠道和大脑中的分子和细胞异常。越来越多的来自人类和啮齿动物的研究证据表明，Roux-en-Y 胃旁路（RYGB）手术通过改变肠道-大脑通讯，持续促进较低的热量摄入。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了 RYGB 引起的肠道激素、营养感知和微生物群的变化如何共同有利地调节体内平衡、奖励和执行大脑功能。我们进一步推测，在面对大量食物时，这种变化如何持久地建立全身负平衡。未来的研究将更全面地描述肠道-大脑通讯改变在 RYGB 后更健康的饮食行为中的作用，这可能有助于开发更有效、非手术的减肥治疗方法。
