Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, United Kingdom.
Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, United Kingdom.
Carbohydr Polym. 2019 Nov 15;224:115145. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115145. Epub 2019 Aug 3.
Polysialic acid (polySia) is a unique, well-characterised carbohydrate polymer highly-expressed on the cell surface of neurons in the early stages of mammalian brain development. Post-embryogenesis, it is also re-expressed in a number of tumours of neuroendocrine origin. It plays important roles in modulating cell-cell, and cell-matrix adhesion and migration, tumour invasion and metastasis. Techniques for structural and quantitative characterisation of polySia from tumours and cancer cells are thus essential in exploring the relationship between polySia expression levels and structural and functional changes associated with cancer progression and metastasis. A variety of techniques have been developed to structurally and quantitatively analyse polySia in clinical tissues and other biological samples. In this review, analytical approaches used for the determination of polySia in biological matrices in the past 20 years are discussed, with a particular focus on chemical approaches, and quantitative analysis.
唾液酸化多聚糖（polySia）是一种独特的、特征明确的碳水化合物聚合物，在哺乳动物大脑发育早期神经元的细胞表面高度表达。胚胎发生后，它也在一些神经内分泌来源的肿瘤中重新表达。它在调节细胞-细胞和细胞-基质黏附和迁移、肿瘤侵袭和转移方面发挥着重要作用。因此，用于从肿瘤和癌细胞中对 polySia 进行结构和定量特征分析的技术对于探索 polySia 表达水平与与癌症进展和转移相关的结构和功能变化之间的关系至关重要。已经开发了多种技术来对临床组织和其他生物样本中的 polySia 进行结构和定量分析。在这篇综述中，讨论了过去 20 年来用于在生物基质中测定 polySia 的分析方法，特别侧重于化学方法和定量分析。
