Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, Training and Research Hospital, Yildirim Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey.
Eat Weight Disord. 2019 Oct;24(5):825-834. doi: 10.1007/s40519-019-00768-8. Epub 2019 Aug 31.
Emotional functions may play an important role in anorexia nervosa (AN). The onset of the disorder generally occurs during adolescence, which is a critical period of emotional development. However, most studies that evaluated emotional functions in AN were conducted in adult patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate emotion regulation, emotion recognition, and empathy skills in adolescent girls with AN by controlling for the effects of depression and anxiety symptoms, childhood traumatic experiences, and attachment security on emotional functions.
Thirty-two adolescent girls with AN and 32 healthy counterparts completed the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test, Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20, and the Child and Adolescent KA-SI Empathic Tendency Scale-Adolescent Form.
The results revealed that adolescents with AN were found to have more difficulties in emotion regulation, higher alexithymic tendencies, and lower empathy skills compared with the control group. However, emotion recognition was not found to be significantly different between the two groups. These results were the same when controlling for the effects of depression and anxiety symptoms, childhood traumatic experiences, and attachment security except for empathy skills. Alexithymia and depressive symptoms were significantly related to emotion regulation difficulties in adolescents with AN.
Considering the results, it seems that emotion regulation and alexithymia may play a crucial role in the development and maintenance of AN. Accordingly, it is necessary to focus on the improvement of these skills during the treatment of AN. Furthermore, interventions promoting these skills during adolescence may be preventive.
Level III, case-control study.
情绪功能可能在神经性厌食症（AN）中发挥重要作用。该障碍的发病通常发生在青春期，这是情绪发展的关键时期。然而，评估 AN 中情绪功能的大多数研究都是在成年患者中进行的。本研究的目的是通过控制抑郁和焦虑症状、童年创伤经历和依恋安全性对情绪功能的影响，评估 AN 青少年的情绪调节、情绪识别和同理心技能。
32 名 AN 青少年患者和 32 名健康对照者完成了《情绪调节困难量表》《情绪识别测验》《多伦多述情障碍量表-20 项》和《儿童青少年 KA-SI 同理心倾向量表-青少年版》。
结果显示，与对照组相比，AN 青少年在情绪调节、更高的述情障碍倾向和更低的同理心技能方面存在更多困难。然而，两组之间的情绪识别没有发现显著差异。当控制抑郁和焦虑症状、童年创伤经历和依恋安全性的影响时，除了同理心技能外，结果是相同的。述情障碍和抑郁症状与 AN 青少年的情绪调节困难显著相关。
考虑到这些结果，情绪调节和述情障碍似乎在 AN 的发展和维持中起着关键作用。因此，在治疗 AN 时，有必要关注这些技能的提高。此外，在青春期促进这些技能的干预措施可能具有预防性。
III 级，病例对照研究。
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