Ghoshal Debjit, Jain Rishabh, Koratkar Nikhil A
Langmuir. 2019 Sep 24;35(38):12306-12316. doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01887. Epub 2019 Sep 13.
Graphene is the thinnest known two-dimensional (2D) material. This thinness is responsible for graphene's well-known optical transparency. In addition to being transparent to light, its extreme thinness and nonpolar nature also render graphene partially transparent to van der Waals and electrostatic interactions. This enables media present on opposite sides of a graphene sheet to sense or feel each other and be influenced by each other. Such crosstalk between materials separated by an impermeable barrier is impossible for typical barrier or coating materials that are usually thick enough to completely screen out such interactions. In this article, we review graphene's partial transparency to atomic interactions at the liquid-solid, solid-solid, and liquid-liquid interfaces. We compare graphene with other 2D materials such as hexagonal boron nitride and show that the extent of graphene's transparency is strongly dependent on the nature and interaction range of the materials placed on opposite sides of the graphene layer. We end with recommendations for future research to better understand the underlying science and to develop practical applications of this exciting phenomena.
石墨烯是已知最薄的二维材料。这种薄度造就了石墨烯广为人知的光学透明度。除了对光透明外，其极薄的特性和非极性本质还使石墨烯对范德华力和静电相互作用呈现出部分透明性。这使得存在于石墨烯片两侧的介质能够相互感知或相互影响。对于通常足够厚以完全屏蔽此类相互作用的典型阻隔或涂层材料而言，被不可渗透屏障隔开的材料之间的这种串扰是不可能发生的。在本文中，我们回顾了石墨烯在液 - 固、固 - 固和液 - 液界面处对原子相互作用的部分透明性。我们将石墨烯与其他二维材料（如六方氮化硼）进行比较，并表明石墨烯的透明程度强烈依赖于置于石墨烯层两侧的材料的性质和相互作用范围。我们最后提出了未来研究的建议，以更好地理解其基础科学原理并开发这一令人兴奋的现象的实际应用。
