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中产阶级子女的内敛魅力:一所精英商学院的经济资本及其象征性表现。

The discreet charm of the children of the bourgeoisie: economic capital and its symbolic expressions at an elite business school.

机构信息

NIFU - Nordic Institute for Studies in Innovation, Research and Education.

Department of Sociology and Human Geography, University of Oslo.

出版信息

Br J Sociol. 2019 Sep;70(4):1402-1423. doi: 10.1111/1468-4446.12625. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Abstract

We address a largely neglected issue in contemporary research on cultural class divisions: economic capital and its associated lifestyles and symbolic expressions. Using qualitative interviews, we explore how adolescents from wealthy elite backgrounds, namely students at Oslo Commerce School (OCS), traditionally one of the most prestigious upper-secondary schools in Norway, demarcate themselves symbolically from others. They draw symbolic boundaries against students at other elite schools in Oslo, more characterized by backgrounds with high cultural capital, accusing them of mimicking a 'hipster' style. Within the OCS student body, we describe identity work centring on styles of material consumption and bodily distinctions. The most salient dividing line is between those who manage to master a 'natural' style, where expensive clothes and the desired bodily attributes are displayed discreetly, and those who are 'trying too hard' and thus marked by the stigma of effort. We also show some interesting intersections between class and gender: girls aspiring to the economic elite obey the 'rules of the game' by exercising extensive control over their bodies and adhering to demanding bodily norms for their weight and slimness. Such rules are less evident among the boys, where a lack of discipline, unruliness, hard partying and even fighting constitute parts of the lifestyle valued. This article contributes to the field of cultural stratification, highlighting the importance of the 'hows' of material consumption when expressing elite distinction. It also adds new insight to the research field of elite education by showing how a mastery of 'high-end' consumer culture is involved in fostering favourable dispositions at elite schools.

摘要

我们探讨了当代文化阶层分化研究中一个被广泛忽视的问题

经济资本及其相关的生活方式和符号表达。通过定性访谈,我们探讨了来自富裕精英背景的青少年(即奥斯陆商学院的学生)如何象征性地将自己与他人区分开来。他们与奥斯陆其他精英学校的学生划清界限,这些学校的学生背景通常具有更高的文化资本,被指责模仿“潮人”风格。在 OCS 学生群体中,我们描述了以物质消费和身体差异为中心的身份认同工作。最明显的分界线是那些能够掌握“自然”风格的人与那些“过于努力”的人之间的分界线,后者被贴上努力的耻辱标签。我们还展示了阶级和性别之间的一些有趣交叉:渴望成为经济精英的女孩通过对身体的广泛控制和坚持对体重和苗条的苛刻身体规范,遵守“游戏规则”。在男孩中,这些规则不太明显,缺乏纪律、任性、狂欢甚至打架构成了他们所重视的生活方式的一部分。本文为文化分层领域做出了贡献,强调了在表达精英区别时物质消费的“方式”的重要性。它还通过展示在精英学校中掌握“高端”消费文化如何有助于培养有利的性格,为精英教育研究领域增添了新的见解。

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