Knobloch V, Miler I
Research Institute for the Care of Mother and Child, Prague.
Allerg Immunol (Leipz). 1988;34(4):219-31.
On the basis of results of our research and review of literature, the complex of immuno logical influences, operating during the development of the human fetus, were evaluated. It is obvious that during the early stages of pregnancy the conceptus is protected by non-specific mechanisms, i.e. hormonally (HCG, progesterone) and by certain properties of the trophoblast (barrier function, immunologically inert surface). Specific immunological tolerance is formed by gradual penetration of trophoblast particles and later by penetration of fetal blood cells into maternal circulation. Thus a specific suppression of maternal T lymphocytes against fetal antigens develops, other immunological functions being intact. - Following a strong antigenic stimulus (e.g. Rh-D), isoimmunization of the mother and serious risk for the fetus occur. Immunological causes of abortion could not be unequivocally proved in recurrent abortions. The explanation of the origin of EPH-gestosis on the basis of toxic action of immunocomplexes is highly probable, however the laboratory and experimental proof is still lacking.
根据我们的研究结果和文献综述，对人类胎儿发育过程中起作用的免疫影响复合体进行了评估。显然，在妊娠早期，孕体受到非特异性机制的保护，即激素（人绒毛膜促性腺激素、孕酮）以及滋养层的某些特性（屏障功能、免疫惰性表面）。特异性免疫耐受是通过滋养层颗粒的逐渐渗透以及随后胎儿血细胞进入母体循环而形成的。因此，母体T淋巴细胞针对胎儿抗原出现特异性抑制，而其他免疫功能保持完整。 - 在受到强烈抗原刺激（如Rh-D）后，母亲会发生同种免疫，胎儿面临严重风险。反复流产中免疫原因无法明确证实。基于免疫复合物的毒性作用来解释妊娠高血压综合征的起源很有可能，但仍缺乏实验室和实验证据。
