Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Myopia of State Health Ministry, Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration of Shanghai, Shanghai, China.
Eye Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Exp Eye Res. 2019 Nov;188:107784. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2019.107784. Epub 2019 Aug 30.
Ischaemia/reperfusion contributes to the pathophysiological process of many retinal diseases. Previous studies have shown that retinal ischaemia/reperfusion mainly results in neuronal degeneration, including thinning of the retina, retinal ganglion cell death and reductions in electroretinography. A high-salt diet contributes to the inflammatory response and tissue hypoperfusion and may be associated with ischaemia/reperfusion injury. In the present study, we investigated the influence of a high-salt diet on retinal ischaemia/reperfusion injury and explored the potential mechanism in a rat model. The results revealed that the high-salt diet aggravated ischaemia/reperfusion-induced thinning of the retina. A TUNEL assay and Brn-3a staining revealed substantially more severe cell death and loss of retinal ganglion cells, and electroretinography confirmed worse retinal function in the ischaemia/reperfusion eyes of rats fed the high-salt diet. These effects may be associated with upregulation of Caspase-3, Bax, Interleukin-1β and Interleukin-6 and decreased expression of nitric oxide. In summary, a high-salt diet aggravates ischaemia/reperfusion-induced retinal neuronal impairment by activating pro-apoptotic and pro-inflammatory signalling pathways and inhibiting vasodilation.
缺血/再灌注导致许多视网膜疾病的病理生理过程。先前的研究表明，视网膜缺血/再灌注主要导致神经元变性，包括视网膜变薄、视网膜神经节细胞死亡和视网膜电图减少。高盐饮食会引起炎症反应和组织灌注不足，并可能与缺血/再灌注损伤有关。在本研究中，我们在大鼠模型中研究了高盐饮食对视网膜缺血/再灌注损伤的影响，并探讨了其潜在机制。结果表明，高盐饮食加重了缺血/再灌注引起的视网膜变薄。TUNEL 检测和 Brn-3a 染色显示，高盐饮食组大鼠缺血/再灌注眼的细胞死亡和视网膜神经节细胞丢失更为严重，视网膜电图证实视网膜功能更差。这些影响可能与 Caspase-3、Bax、白细胞介素-1β和白细胞介素-6 的上调以及一氧化氮的表达减少有关。总之，高盐饮食通过激活促凋亡和促炎信号通路以及抑制血管扩张，加重缺血/再灌注诱导的视网膜神经元损伤。
