Department of Psychiatry, National University of Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay.
Int Rev Psychiatry. 2020 Mar;32(2):122-127. doi: 10.1080/09540261.2019.1655716. Epub 2019 Sep 3.
Psychiatry's practice in Latin America is unique as it comes from the junction of the indigenous cultures and their conceptualization of mental disorders, the European colonizers who brought with them the early modern psychiatric conceptualizations and, later, the Africans who were forced to migrate to the continent as slaves and introduced elements of the African culture. With this background in mind it is easier to understand why Latin America is a multiethnic and multicultural continent. In order to be able to practice in this particular context, Psychiatry should take into account all the aforementioned elements in the design of its educational programmes. Nevertheless, Latin American countries have a tremendous deficit in mental health providers and, as such, are in dire need to strengthen their residency programmes and their recruitment processes in order to be able to meet the needs of the population. This paper sets out to review the current state of psychiatric education in Latin America and describe in more detail the current training programmes available in the region. It also discusses the perceptions of Latin American psychiatric residents regarding their training programmes and presents possible alternatives for the future of training.
拉丁美洲的精神病学实践具有独特性，因为它源于本土文化与精神障碍概念的交汇，欧洲殖民者带来了早期现代的精神病学概念，后来非洲人被迫作为奴隶迁移到该大陆，并引入了非洲文化的元素。考虑到这一背景，就不难理解为什么拉丁美洲是一个多民族和多元文化的大陆。为了能够在这一特定背景下进行实践，精神病学应该在其教育计划的设计中考虑到所有上述因素。然而，拉丁美洲国家在精神卫生服务提供者方面存在巨大的不足，因此，迫切需要加强其住院医师培训计划和招聘流程，以满足民众的需求。本文旨在回顾拉丁美洲精神病学教育的现状，并更详细地描述该地区现有的培训计划。它还讨论了拉丁美洲精神病住院医师对其培训计划的看法，并提出了未来培训的可能选择。
