Huang Yafeng, Matthew Cory, Zhang Zhixin, Nan Zhibiao
State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2019 Nov;103(6):1646-1656. doi: 10.1111/jpn.13173. Epub 2019 Sep 3.
This study evaluated the varietal variability and interrelationship of the grain and stover yields, and stover quality characteristics of four common vetch varieties (three improved varieties and one local variety) used on the Tibetan Plateau. Stover quality attributes determined included chemical composition, in vitro true digestibility of dry matter (IVTD) and neutral detergent fibre (dNDF). The improved varieties were superior to the local variety in grain yield, harvest index and potential utility index (PUI). The wide ranges in the proportions of leaf (24.3%-34.6%), pod (22.0%-45.6%) and stem (29.5%-44.7%) fractions were observed. Significant varietal differences (p < .001) were observed for the whole-stover content of crude protein [CP; 78.1-101 g/kg dry matter (DM)], neutral detergent fibre (aNDF; 520-564 g/kg DM), acid detergent fibre (ADF; 520-564 g/kg DM), IVTD (597-658 g/kg DM) and dNDF (305-384 g/kg aNDF). The leaf fraction had the highest levels of CP, IVTD and dNDF, while the highest contents of aNDF and ADF were observed in the stem fraction. Canonical correlation analysis showed that significant (p < .001) correlations between the quality attributes of whole stover and proportions and quality attributes of stover morphological fractions. Pearson correlation between the grain and stover yield was negative and significant (r = -.295; p = .001), while the correlations between the grain/stover yield and stover quality traits were positive or non-significant. Ranking of the varieties differed when grain yield, PUI and stover quality scores were investigated. Of the varieties tested, Lanjian No.2 has the best potential for use as a ruminant feed, as indicated by PUI and stover quality.
本研究评估了青藏高原地区使用的四个常见巢菜品种（三个改良品种和一个地方品种）的籽粒和秸秆产量的品种变异性及相互关系，以及秸秆质量特征。测定的秸秆质量属性包括化学成分、干物质体外真消化率（IVTD）和中性洗涤纤维（dNDF）。改良品种在籽粒产量、收获指数和潜在利用指数（PUI）方面优于地方品种。观察到叶片（24.3%-34.6%）、豆荚（22.0%-45.6%）和茎（29.5%-44.7%）部分比例的广泛范围。粗蛋白[CP；78.1-101克/千克干物质（DM）]、中性洗涤纤维（aNDF；520-564克/千克DM）、酸性洗涤纤维（ADF；520-564克/千克DM）、IVTD（597-658克/千克DM）和dNDF（305-384克/千克aNDF）的全秸秆含量存在显著的品种差异（p <.001）。叶片部分的CP、IVTD和dNDF含量最高，而茎部分的aNDF和ADF含量最高。典型相关分析表明，全秸秆质量属性与秸秆形态部分的比例和质量属性之间存在显著（p <.001）相关性。籽粒产量与秸秆产量之间的Pearson相关性为负且显著（r = -.295；p =.001），而籽粒/秸秆产量与秸秆质量性状之间的相关性为正或不显著。在研究籽粒产量、PUI和秸秆质量得分时，品种排名有所不同。在所测试的品种中，根据PUI和秸秆质量表明，兰箭2号作为反刍动物饲料的潜在用途最佳。
