Huang Yafeng, Matthew Cory, Li Fei, Nan Zhibiao
State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China.
School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Private Bag 11 222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
Animals (Basel). 2020 Apr 1;10(4):596. doi: 10.3390/ani10040596.
This study evaluated common vetch stover as a feed in mixed rations for growing lambs. Four common vetch varieties were compared with alfalfa (control) for their effects on growth performance, ruminal fermentation, nutrient digestibility, and nitrogen retention. Male Hu lambs (n = 50) aged 3 months, with a mean body weight of 17.5 ± 0.34 kg were allocated randomly to one of the five dietary treatments, making 10 lambs per treatment. The experiment lasted 67 days with a 10-day adaptation period and a 50-day fattening period, and with the final 7 days used for a nutrient digestibility and nitrogen balance trial. All diets contained 30.0% maize straw and 50.0% concentrate, with different forage sources (on a fed basis): 20.0% alfalfa hay (control), 20.0% local common vetch variety 333A (C333A) stover, or 20.0% stover of one of three improved common vetch varieties: Lanjian No. 1 (CLJ1), Lanjian No. 2 (CLJ2), or Lanjian No. 3 (CLJ3). For stover quality, CLJ1 stover had the greatest crude protein (CP), in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD), and metabolizable energy (ME) content and the least cell wall contents, while C333A stover had the least CP, IVOMD, and ME contents and the greatest cell wall contents. Sheep fed the control diet had a greater average daily gain (ADG), apparent digestibility of organic matter (DOM), neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, and nitrogen retention, and greater ruminal total volatile fatty acids concentration than lambs fed the C333A or CLJ3 diet, but similar performance to lambs fed the CLJ1 and CLJ2 diets. The feed conversion ratio and predicted CH emission per unit of DOM intake and ADG of the control, CLJ1, and CLJ2 diets was significantly lower (p < 0.05) than for the other diets. Based on these results, stovers of varieties CLJ1 and CLJ2 can be recommended as an alternative to alfalfa hay and for use in a legume crop rotation with cereals on the Tibetan plateau.
本研究评估了普通巢菜秸秆作为生长羔羊混合日粮中的一种饲料的效果。将四个普通巢菜品种与苜蓿（对照）进行比较，以研究它们对生长性能、瘤胃发酵、养分消化率和氮保留的影响。选取3月龄、平均体重为17.5±0.34 kg的雄性湖羊羔羊（n = 50），随机分配到五种日粮处理中的一种，每个处理10只羔羊。试验持续67天，其中有10天的适应期和50天的育肥期，最后7天用于养分消化率和氮平衡试验。所有日粮均含有30.0%的玉米秸秆和50.0%的精料，不同的饲草来源（以饲喂量计）分别为：20.0%的苜蓿干草（对照）、20.0%的当地普通巢菜品种333A（C333A）秸秆，或20.0%的三个改良普通巢菜品种之一的秸秆：兰箭1号（CLJ1）、兰箭2号（CLJ2）或兰箭3号（CLJ3）。就秸秆质量而言，CLJ1秸秆的粗蛋白（CP）、体外有机物消化率（IVOMD）和代谢能（ME）含量最高，细胞壁含量最低，而C333A秸秆的CP、IVOMD和ME含量最低，细胞壁含量最高。与饲喂C333A或CLJ3日粮的羔羊相比，饲喂对照日粮的绵羊平均日增重（ADG）、有机物表观消化率（DOM）、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维和氮保留更高，瘤胃总挥发性脂肪酸浓度也更高，但与饲喂CLJ1和CLJ2日粮的羔羊性能相似。对照、CLJ1和CLJ2日粮的饲料转化率以及每单位DOM摄入量和ADG的预测CH排放量显著低于其他日粮（p < 0.05）。基于这些结果，可推荐CLJ1和CLJ2品种的秸秆作为苜蓿干草的替代品，并用于青藏高原上与谷类作物的豆科作物轮作。
