Huang Chan-Te, Kim Jihyon, Arce Celin, Lawson Nathaniel C.
Chief Resident, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Dentistry, Birmingham, Alabama; Attending Faculty, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan.
Private Practice, Bellevue, Washington.
Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2019 Sep;40(8):508-513; quiz 514.
Intraoral air abrasion is a technique in which abrasive particles are used to remove or alter tooth structure. Intraoral air-abrasion devices are available as standalone units that offer a variety of customization, such as modifications to air pressure, particle flow rate, and water flow rate, or as attachments to a dental unit, allowing for a smaller footprint in the operatory. Some devices used for intraoral air abrasion are able to limit excess particle spray through utilization of a shroud of water. Aluminum oxide, or alumina, is the most commonly used and most abrasive type of air-abrasion medium; it is used mostly to roughen or remove tooth structure. Other types of particles are intended for cleaning tooth surfaces. Previous research has reported negative and positive effects, as well as no effect, of air abrasion on the bond to dentin and enamel. The results of a study performed for this review show that air abrasion to both dentin and enamel with alumina at 60-psi pressure produced a visible roughening texture but did not negatively affect bond strength. Clinical applications for intraoral air abrasion in restorative dentistry include cavity preparation, cleaning of preparations, and removal of plaque and stain prior to restoring a tooth.
口内空气喷砂是一种使用磨料颗粒去除或改变牙齿结构的技术。口内空气喷砂设备既可以是提供多种定制功能（如调节气压、颗粒流速和水流速）的独立装置，也可以是牙科设备的附件，从而在诊疗室占用更小的空间。一些用于口内空气喷砂的设备能够通过使用水幕来限制过多的颗粒喷雾。氧化铝是最常用且磨蚀性最强的空气喷砂介质类型；它主要用于使牙齿结构粗糙化或去除牙齿结构。其他类型的颗粒则用于清洁牙齿表面。先前的研究报告了空气喷砂对牙本质和牙釉质粘结的负面影响、正面影响以及无影响。为本综述进行的一项研究结果表明，在60磅力/平方英寸的压力下用氧化铝对牙本质和牙釉质进行空气喷砂会产生明显的粗糙纹理，但不会对粘结强度产生负面影响。口内空气喷砂在修复牙科中的临床应用包括窝洞预备、预备体清洁以及在修复牙齿之前去除菌斑和污渍。
